tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5595410288432786372023-11-16T03:28:58.933-08:00Summer Brief Jordan Harrison-Readerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15016753061394409297noreply@blogger.comBlogger6125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-559541028843278637.post-91366497918943334652013-10-02T06:57:00.000-07:002013-10-03T03:20:41.840-07:00PRESENTATION FEEDBACK<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">At the start of the session we were put into small groups. We then were asked to compose a group list of ten things that we were successful in last year.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>10 Things that were Successful... Group 3 List</b></span><br />
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<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Successfully learned to screen-print.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Learned to work in a group.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Started to recognise and develop mt own graphic style.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A Brief history of... brief was successful, quality of work was high.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gained confidence in presenting.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gained confidence in delivering constructive feedback.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Improved work ethic and consistency.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Started applying design theory to work.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Learned to use software to a higher standard.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ability to generate ideas/resolutions quickly.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We then refined and revised the list as a class;</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>10 Things that were Successful... Class List </b></span></div>
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<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ability to apply knowledge learned in practical skills workshops.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ability to give constructive feedback.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Confidence when presenting to a group.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The ability to learn and work independently.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> Research/ Development.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Understanding time management.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Working in a group or with specialists.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Self confidence/Motivation.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A deeper understanding of the theory and context behind design.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Developed an understanding of style and personal taste.</span></li>
</ol>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>10 Things that I will need to be successful this year.</b></span></div>
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<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Confidence</b> when presenting to an audience.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Design vocabulary</b> - I want to vastly increase my design related vocabulary so that I can communicate my ideas in a more professional manner. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Practical skills</b> - I want to develop my knowledge and further my experience with various print processes such as; screen-printing, letter press and etchings.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Time management</b> - I want to improve the organisation of my projects and how I progress through the brief.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Ideas generation</b> - I want to improve my ideas generation by spending more time generating ideas to create a more diverse range of initial concepts.</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Communication</b> - I want to improve my ability to communicate ideas and concepts within a group.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Software knowledge</b> - I want to improve my knowledge of the adobe software to help improve the aesthetic quality of my work and the time in which I complete it in.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Research</b> - I want to improve my research by looking less at internet sources of information and focus on primary sources.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Design theory</b> - I want to further my personal research into design theories to help improve my design practice and the functionality of my work.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></li>
</ol>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After lunch we took turns to present our summer brief presentations to the group. Each person had five minutes to present their work after which the other members of the group had a minute to write constructive feedback. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are the feedback notes that I received</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After everyone had finished presenting we reviewed the feedback we had been given by each member of the group. Then as a class we discussed the different types of feedback that could be received, some comments made were useful, some could be useful and other comments simply gave an ego boost. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Which Feedback is Useful?</b></span></div>
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<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Maybe do less history. (the majority of my presentation was history related)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Would have been interesting to know other things about the sport - tricks/video.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Cover both modern and historical information.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Could have ranged the look of the slides.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Which feedback could be useful?</b></span></div>
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<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Good links made to graphic design.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Engaging use of facts - interesting to know the boards were originally screen-printed.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Could have brought in physical props.</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Which feedback is good for the ego?</b></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In depth research, good understanding of topic.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Good links to graphic design made.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Confident speaker.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Good historical and contextual knowledge.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Good use of imagery to support information.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Engaging presentation.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Good chronological history supported with imagery.</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After discussing how to improve our feedback we picked out three objectives that would have helped improve our Summer Briefs.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Objectives</b></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Vary the information communicated in the presentation, don't focus too heavily on a specific piece of research.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Range the look of the slides to make the presentation more visually engaging.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Vary my sources more, don't rely too heavily on internet based information.</span></li>
</ul>
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Jordan Harrison-Readerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15016753061394409297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-559541028843278637.post-70491345788182368372013-10-01T05:37:00.000-07:002013-10-02T05:39:00.864-07:00PRESENTATION<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Jordan Harrison-Readerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15016753061394409297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-559541028843278637.post-87613415708051163302013-09-30T13:44:00.001-07:002013-10-02T05:39:19.685-07:00SUMMER BRIEF - FINAL RESEARCH TOPIC<div style="text-align: center;">
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">FINAL RESEARCH TOPIC </span>- SKATEBOARDING</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I started my final research topic by first looking at what a skateboard is. Below I sketched out a diagram showing the different parts of a skateboard.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SKATEBOARD DECK</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The skateboard, deck, or board are all phrases that refer to the piece of wood that is stood on while skating and performing tricks.</span></div>
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<img height="355" src="http://skatermoms.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/canadian_maple_skateboarding_decks.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://skatermoms.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/canadian_maple_skateboarding_decks.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />GRIPTAPE</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Griptape is a sandpaper like sheet with sticky adhesive on the opposite side. Griptape is stuck to the top of the board to create a rough, grippy surface, this helps the skater to control the skateboard when cruising or performing tricks. </span></div>
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<img height="400" src="http://churchillmfg.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/80grit_sheet.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TRUCKS</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Trucks are attached to the bottom of the skateboard using nuts and bolts. Trucks hold various uses such as, holding the wheels, helping the skateboard turn and allowing the skateboarder to perform grinds. </span></div>
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<img height="425" src="http://media.slamcity.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/i/n/indy-stage10-149-002.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://media.slamcity.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/i/n/indy-stage10-149-002.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">WHEELS</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Firstly, bearings are placed inside the wheels to help them spin and maintain speed while being skated. After the bearings have been placed in each wheel a pair can be fixed to either side of the truck. </span></div>
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<img src="http://www.primedelux.com/images/L_Ricta_Wheels_Naturals_Mix_Up.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Next, I researched into the historical evolution of skateboarding from surfing. </span><br />
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">HISTORY - THE EVOLUTION OF SKATEBOARDING</b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">All information has been taken from a book called 'Dysfunctional' by Aaron Rose. </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I noted down the most relevant points made on each page, highlighting points of interest and importance.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEXqkqgMKeD-0ETYmF3dhtRNtEscGesjbV4ilQnSgyw2AfcLYeKOCxCxZoTys9qBO0NEr5b2Bu06lsZ54_hO1nM-iez6AougNG7p4LpREHHfYnfRGftphlBzONGzFyFfva9NpKKo5VjNsV/s1600/img340.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEXqkqgMKeD-0ETYmF3dhtRNtEscGesjbV4ilQnSgyw2AfcLYeKOCxCxZoTys9qBO0NEr5b2Bu06lsZ54_hO1nM-iez6AougNG7p4LpREHHfYnfRGftphlBzONGzFyFfva9NpKKo5VjNsV/s640/img340.jpg" width="454" /></a></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>3000BC -</b> Peruvian ruins which date back over 5000 years feature <span style="background-color: yellow;">carvings of men riding waves while standing on 'Caballitos'</span>, which are small boats made from bundles of bound up reeds.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The aforementioned graphic portrays the <span style="background-color: yellow;">oldest known surviving reference to surfing</span>.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>525BC -</b> It is believed that the Kanaka Maoli (the ancestors of the Hawaiians) brought the activity of surfing with them when they arrived in Archipelago over 2500 years ago.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1863 - The <span style="background-color: yellow;">first practical four wheeled roller skate is invented by James Plimpton</span><span style="background-color: white;"> </span>of the USA.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1907 -</b> Railroad tycoon Henry Huntington imports Hawaiian beach boy George Freeth to California to demonstrate the sport of surfing. Thousands flocked to witness Freeth's aquatic antics. </span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1918 - 48 -</b> <span style="background-color: yellow;">Someone broke the apple box off the front of his apple box skate scooter and started a new trend.</span></span></li>
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<ul>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1926 - </b>Thomas Edward Blake studies and measures the few remaining boards in the Honolulu Hawaii museum. Blake eventually r<span style="background-color: yellow;">ecreated a 16' surfboard that apparently used to belong to legendary rider Chief Paki.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1932 -</b> Los Angeles surfing enthusiast <span style="background-color: yellow;">Meyers Butte produces the first commercial surfboards.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1939 -</b> The streamlined all steel, three wheel scooter skate debutes in Chicago toy stores. Due to poor design most of the scooters ended up in the rubbish pile.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1941 -</b> Santa Monica life guard Tom Blake releases a new hollow box board through the Los Angeles Ladder Company, <span style="background-color: yellow;">the board was the first on the market to have a tail-fin.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1952 -</b> Dale 'The Hawk' Velzy, a Dutch woodworker, <span style="background-color: yellow;">commissioned the creation of a round laminate logo to be fiber glassed on top of his boards. Echos of Dale's graphic style are visible in surf and skate graphics for the next four decades. </span></span></li>
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<img height="300" src="http://i119.photobucket.com/albums/o156/easternpacific/Larrys%20yard%20sale/IMG_0377.jpg?t=1218740901" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Velzy's Graphic.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://i119.photobucket.com/albums/o156/easternpacific/Larrys%20yard%20sale/IMG_0377.jpg?t=1218740901">Link</a></span></div>
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<ul>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1958 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">The first skateboards start to appear, the general consensus was that they could be used to cursing out the oceans flat spells. Newspapers printed stories on the vast number of school children making skateboards in their wood working classes.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="background-color: white;">1961 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">Derrick 'Skipperboy' Engblom makes custom skateboards for profit in his Santa Monica garage. In later years Engblom served as the Makaha team manager and founded legendary skate companys 'Zephyr' and 'Santa Monica Airlines'.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1962 -</b> </span><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">legions of urban types adopt the skateboard into everyday life.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> Since commercial boards are unavailable skaters use anything they can get their hands to use for a deck.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1963 -</b> </span><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Surfboard company skate brands were the first to use skate graphics.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> Since the skateboard was born out of surfing the boards design remained beach orientated.</span><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Soon multi-laminate hardwoods prevailed labeled with the logos of their builder.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="background-color: white;">1963</b><span style="background-color: white;"><b> -</b> Larry Stevenson, publisher of 'Surf Guide' magazine actively sells Makaha Skateboards, the leading brand of a new industry. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">Stevenson also patents the kicktail at the end of the decade and spends the next 20 years trying to collect royalties for it.</span></span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjunAKtpH4FsgNj-1iVmFd94BXfcUGZoI7PDPB8plyEiSdLj06LdKXXuQRVTDCh0yILnaQzgtYJ0PqtCWDtBYZ_qBbcHaaPnt0FBJfMyO5piP_GI9-5_cMM8Vr0SiK1MSdDpxL4hHa9UUss/s1600/img343.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjunAKtpH4FsgNj-1iVmFd94BXfcUGZoI7PDPB8plyEiSdLj06LdKXXuQRVTDCh0yILnaQzgtYJ0PqtCWDtBYZ_qBbcHaaPnt0FBJfMyO5piP_GI9-5_cMM8Vr0SiK1MSdDpxL4hHa9UUss/s640/img343.jpg" width="444" /></a></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1964 - </b>Various celebrities are seen riding skateboards in an attempt to maintain their youthful images.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dean Torrance records skateboard sounds and uses them in the international hit song 'Sidewalk Surfing'. This is the first exposure of skateboard influenced music.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">The first issue of 'Skateboarder' appears.</span> The magazine focuses on slalom and freestyle skateboarding.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Triumph records release the LP 'The Challengers Go Sidewalk Surfing'. The advertising campaign in skateboarder consists of hand drawn adds by Rick Griffin.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1965 -</b> With jumps in technology the 27' Hobie Vita Pact Competition model is sold at Macy's in New York City. The molded fiberglass unit had a herring bone textured deck, integral reinforcement beams and a simulated adhesive vinyl mock wood stringer. </span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The international skateboard Championships are held at the 10,000 seater La Palma Stadium in California. It is covered by three TV networks.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">San Diego skater<span style="background-color: yellow;"> Pat McGee is on the cover of 'Life' magazine.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Eiffel tower is declared off limits to skateboarders. </span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Skateboarder magazine ceases publication due to lack of interest.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">With skateboarding officially a thing of the past skaters focus on skating different terrain. The trend towards short boards in surfing is echoed in the skateboard world.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">New moves are created such as; side slips, controlled drifts and 180-plus cutbacks.</span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGYcpHOJMI5oUaI-upLjcUBa3nHF-9mtc92NKrwFmqYcHAcUjWiUUwWRJqsv8ZSQlvWH_HFQeTPqhJsZ1aUrD1okk9pvWysuyhqlXwIg4_zGA3T_mNojXkwEvzPM12kiGb_l8ZlqpI38Ie/s1600/img344.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGYcpHOJMI5oUaI-upLjcUBa3nHF-9mtc92NKrwFmqYcHAcUjWiUUwWRJqsv8ZSQlvWH_HFQeTPqhJsZ1aUrD1okk9pvWysuyhqlXwIg4_zGA3T_mNojXkwEvzPM12kiGb_l8ZlqpI38Ie/s640/img344.jpg" width="458" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1969 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">Skateboarding progresses into a total underground phase. Backyard pool sessions begin to gain popularity. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Representational expression drifts into the acid-splashed psychedelic variety. Artist Rick Griffin gains a global following. Jimmy Phillips emerges as an original talent.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> In the Summer of '69 the first dogtown boards were painted.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The motif found popularity with up an coming artists in the surf skate hood. Kevin Ancell, Wes Humpston, and the Kaiser brothers expanded and extended the glyph over the succeeding decades</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1972 -</b> <span style="background-color: yellow;">Leucadian surfer Frank Nasworthy takes note of the urethane roller rink wheels and adapts them for skateboarding.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1973 - </b>Nasworthy is in business and delivers his urethane wheels to all surf shops intelligent enough to recognize a good deal.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1974 -</b> The press and general public are calling skateboarding the latest fad. The law calls it illegal, and the skaters call it a renaissance.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1975 - </b></span><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> 'Skateboarder' magazine resumes publication.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Bahne Cadillac Contest is held in Del Mar and brings together a vast range of skaters with varying styles, among them are the Z-Boys.</span></li>
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<img src="http://www.myraltis.co.uk/rickgriffin/images/art/challengers01.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Rick griffin was a regular contributor to the skateboard industry.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEBAmo4WIlcWQsReurpFMx-0E6JgsocUxVJnRb6rbvcCDryCZMlXGKuPZQn3KzeNscE13GCQ3ht-NZsIteXgqPoX0I29oRZ699_CAhwXxKYV08OL_jgZGUE4ZpoBno6am0_VXbhojcOYn6/s1600/img345.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEBAmo4WIlcWQsReurpFMx-0E6JgsocUxVJnRb6rbvcCDryCZMlXGKuPZQn3KzeNscE13GCQ3ht-NZsIteXgqPoX0I29oRZ699_CAhwXxKYV08OL_jgZGUE4ZpoBno6am0_VXbhojcOYn6/s640/img345.jpg" width="440" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1976 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">Sublimated four-colour photographic half-toned images are released</span>. The fiberglass matrix 'Surfer' magazine cover montage is a good example of this style.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The application of silk-screened pressure-sensitive vinyl decals creates a visual atmosphere similar to the billboards of NASCAR.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pool riding is now an established sport within itself.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Guy Grundy sets a speed of 50.3mph for the Guinness book of world records.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sam Puccio wins the Signal Hill Speed Trials by going 54mph.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Skate parks can now be found nationwide.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Vans designs the worlds first skateboard shoe.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Skateboarder' magazine goes monthly.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1978</b> - Dave Hackett, the Albas, Dennis Martinez form the nucleus of the New Wave.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The sport reaches a new derangement as 'artist' Leroy Nieman rips off a Paul Hoffman taken by Warren Bolster and turns it into a plastic coated serving mat for burger king.</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOm8oP-LOZxyMVhiHXB1Z99SMJ67UVf0fLiNkKijyyJe4vOfbu-KDca4FM1y9PXpgVQn74gOyyRP9bGCv3AzYGT3aJjtosA9pNucehiNQGH7qqwjVkGRh-tITF5AK8Z8QJHQRnscsBwOHB/s1600/img346.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOm8oP-LOZxyMVhiHXB1Z99SMJ67UVf0fLiNkKijyyJe4vOfbu-KDca4FM1y9PXpgVQn74gOyyRP9bGCv3AzYGT3aJjtosA9pNucehiNQGH7qqwjVkGRh-tITF5AK8Z8QJHQRnscsBwOHB/s640/img346.jpg" width="452" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1978 - </b>Steve rocco pulls off handplants on street curbs, but fails to gain much recognition due to his social stature. Rocco goes on to form SMA Rocco Division, which beget <span style="background-color: yellow;">'Blind' which in turn became 'World Industries'. These upstart companies thrived and helped shape the direction of the sport.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1979 -</b> The mainstream media wrote skateboarding off, allowing the movement to get back to business. A collection of skate brands poped up into the void created.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Floridian amateur skater </span><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Alan Gelfand gains the attention of the skate world with his ollie pops and no-handed aerials.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Duane Peters upsets the expectations of the media fed skate world by proving anyone can win a professional competition. The days of 'one star' dominated competitions seems to be over.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Jay adams, an original member of the z-boys skateboarding team and 'original seed' of the sport gives his final interview and 'quits skating officially'.</span></li>
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<img height="331" src="http://kpbs.media.clients.ellingtoncms.com/img/photos/2012/05/01/Checklist_13-2_t614.jpg?a3ca5463f16dc11451266bb717d38a6025dcea0e" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Jay Adams circa 1975</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.kpbs.org/photos/2012/may/01/16466/">Link</a></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1980 - </b>S<span style="background-color: yellow;">urfing, one an influence of skateboarding, is now copying. Concrete-created moves are now the 'big' hits in professional surf</span></span><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ing.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After declining sales 'Skateboarder' magazine becomes 'Active now' in an attempt to attract a larger audience. Offended skateboard manufacturers call a meeting with their publishers due to Action Now's ignorance towards skateboarding.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">Fausto Vitello angrily leaves the meeting vowing to fund his own skateboarding magazine 'Thrasher' magazine is a reality one month later.</span> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1982 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">Offended skateboard manufacturers Peggy Cozens and Larry Balma start 'Transworld Skateboarding' magazine in protest over an independent Trucks ad, featured in 'Thrasher', which showed a naked under-age model.</span></span></li>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1983 -</b> <span style="background-color: yellow;">Funded with proceeds for appearing as a high jumping, skateboarding Ronald McDonald in a TV advert, Jim O'Mahonney founds a skate/sure museum in Santa Barbara California<b>.</b></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1984 - </b>Neil Blender bursts onto the scene entering contests and riding for Christ-centered corporation G&S. <span style="background-color: yellow;">Starts doing graphics for skateboard company 'Alien Workshop'</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Brand new t-shirts are rigorously cut and marked with ink pens, indicating that the staid control of corporate graphics is obsolete.</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB_cNR5HFTjp-X2dnghDqy3Nw2-_MAT2qs-7H8R0tswLLPFZAP_sR3WCMUVI1xnVdhAlv8681iUORdJT7BvOhN0DoGu_5nLxxnh659XoNA9gk-g1JCCVXI0N7DhWatJEWTGawlEooxtFuS/s1600/img349.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB_cNR5HFTjp-X2dnghDqy3Nw2-_MAT2qs-7H8R0tswLLPFZAP_sR3WCMUVI1xnVdhAlv8681iUORdJT7BvOhN0DoGu_5nLxxnh659XoNA9gk-g1JCCVXI0N7DhWatJEWTGawlEooxtFuS/s640/img349.jpg" width="444" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1989 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">Mike Folmer, a former professional skateboarder, curates an exhibit of historic skateboards, skate related artwork and media at the Santa Ana Museum. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1990 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">The first full colour, full length, silk-screened boards are released by 'Think'. The Mike Santarossa model depicted a treatment of 'Dali's Wife' by Amanda Haggerty.</span> </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mark Gonzales and Steve Rocco, two of the principle partners in Blind Industries, produce a photographic sublimation of macaroni cheese on their newest Gonz model. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A Danny Way shotgun and shells pictorial board was released a short time after by another Rocco related company.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>1993 - </b>Keith Cochrane of Think sponsors Danny Boy O'Connor of the group House of Pain. The musicians signature model is graphically your basic barb and shamrocks presentation. The model is banned in Britain because of its obvious references to the IRA.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>1994 - </b>The Consumer Product Safety Commission Report is released, stating skateboarding is 20x safer that football injury wise.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>1995 -</b> Thrasher celebrates 15 years of publication and is one of the longest running skateboard magazines.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>1996 -</b> The much ballyhooed 'Speak' Magazine debuts, created by David Carson and Neil Feineman. </span></span></li>
</ul>
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<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4B3ABuR4O89z2UtAK0vurynFRmMTPdg11onv0elQRhUP9o70XmhfEIJ1iQMYS5sAnJGzl0t-WVou0h_D5X2Ov_aZbGDH-Ym6WeZKjRdV0yG_ZRgXZGcxltsgSM6LWlNekOzacq3GRsrSV/s400/Screen+shot+2010-04-19+at+00.16.15.png" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Gonz, Macaroni Cheese deck.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4B3ABuR4O89z2UtAK0vurynFRmMTPdg11onv0elQRhUP9o70XmhfEIJ1iQMYS5sAnJGzl0t-WVou0h_D5X2Ov_aZbGDH-Ym6WeZKjRdV0yG_ZRgXZGcxltsgSM6LWlNekOzacq3GRsrSV/s400/Screen+shot+2010-04-19+at+00.16.15.png">Link</a></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1996 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">Speaking to LA radio station 97.1 Quentin Tarantino quotes the films of Tony Alva as a profound influence on his career. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">Following a two year long process the public skatepark at Temecula California opens. </span>Designed by Kevin Thatcher the concourse is the most extreme public terrain offering ever.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">California Assemblyman Bill Morrow attempts to pass bill AB2357, declaring skateboarding as a hazardous recreational activity.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NBC sports analyist Dick Enberg covers Tony Hawk and nine other skaters' demonstrations during the closing ceremonies of the Atlanta Winter Olympic Games. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The broadcast marks the peak of skating's exposure to the world.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1997 - </b>A 1963 Makaha Phil model in seven point original condition is offered for sale at $375 in the San Onofre Surf Shop during the grand summer sale.<b> </b></span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIPwMxmgYcUF2dz0bF-xGLtAV11Rs15fnjMU9bdiIdgp27mHGgUmH2hMModnKXGCmpg6uly47C4Al6PXQ4L0PscwZdSqfuYd0eJcl0v-NvyBknlT9tj4ChWWNMJxas1gWqz9DVckX2qQ-l/s1600/img351.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIPwMxmgYcUF2dz0bF-xGLtAV11Rs15fnjMU9bdiIdgp27mHGgUmH2hMModnKXGCmpg6uly47C4Al6PXQ4L0PscwZdSqfuYd0eJcl0v-NvyBknlT9tj4ChWWNMJxas1gWqz9DVckX2qQ-l/s640/img351.jpg" width="446" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1997 - </b><span style="background-color: yellow;">A pen and ink drawing by Rick Griffin originally executed for 'Skateboarder' magazine sells at auction for thousands.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The ESPN Extreme Games are held at Mariner's Point in San Diego, California.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Chris senn, defending world and Extreme Games champion was quoted saying "...it is pointless to try to judge skateboarding because it cannot be done."</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The influence of skateboarding upon surfing was made more obvious as repeat champion Tudor and US Open competitor World Champion Kelly Slater each have pro skate models as well as their signature surfboards.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">DC shoes arranges a secret stunt session for the worlds highest air. Transworld skateboarding magazine were onsite to record the events. Despite tight security Dan Stuart sneaked on set and got images of the whole event, selling the images to Thrasher magazine who managed to release them before Transworld. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Danny Way bomb dropped from the helicopter and sticks some huge airs.</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJWN6lKbQr5mjJHWrVq_9__lhsIxLqAhARMa0Mo2TvFBwkWcd5Q1SUppCYp3lw14xsGTPkP_Dot5qiBrbYB6SK-EgrCCVh4nLmF5oHWpKg5tc9CfFtcECIiqy0nbxVwkij2HCYF8uNXhTw/s1600/img352.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJWN6lKbQr5mjJHWrVq_9__lhsIxLqAhARMa0Mo2TvFBwkWcd5Q1SUppCYp3lw14xsGTPkP_Dot5qiBrbYB6SK-EgrCCVh4nLmF5oHWpKg5tc9CfFtcECIiqy0nbxVwkij2HCYF8uNXhTw/s640/img352.jpg" width="446" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1998 - </b>The integration of skate imagery into mainstream cooperate society is prevalent the Venture flying 'V' logo has been turned out by Kawasaki and the 'Have You Seen Him Animal Chin' campaign has been co-opted by Nissan. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">California Governor Pete Wilson signs the Assembly Bill into law, officially declaring skateboarding to be a hazardous activity. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In an Alan Seymour Pacific Coast Collectible Audition, Dale Smith sells the same Hobie 36" mahogany laminate for $1100. Scores of surf collectors shift their focus towards the sidewalk.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">POINTS OF INTEREST </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Next, I reviewed the historical information collected for my initial research, noting down my personal points of interest. Below are the three points that I want to research into further.</span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The Z-Boys & Dogtown</b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Rick Griffin - Artist</b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The evolution of the skateboard deck</b></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>DOGTOWN & Z-BOYS</b></span><br />
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<img alt="THE ORIGINAL ZEPHYR SKATEBOARD TEAM CIRCA 1975" src="http://www.angelfire.com/ca2/dtown/images/zteam2.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The complete Zephyr team.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.angelfire.com/ca2/dtown/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Z-Boy Story</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">In 1971 a fourteen year old Nathan Pratt got a job as the clean up boy at the Zephyr surf shop in Santa Monica</span><span style="background-color: white;"> under the tutelage of shop co-founder Skip Engblom. He would go to the shop after school every day and over the next six years became an apprentice surfboard maker and </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">the founding member of the junior surf team which would become the Z-BOYS.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">Other top young surfers, including Jay Adams, Chris Cahill and Allen Sarlo joined the team</span><span style="background-color: white;">. They were a rough and tumble group of teenagers from the "wrong side of the tracks" who made the surf shop their home away from home.</span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: white;">Far from the multi-billion dollar industry that of today, surfing in the '70's was a renegade sport that was frowned upon by mainstream society. Considered drop-outs and losers, the surf community became a sub-culture all its own with distinct rules and pecking orders. Pratt, Adams, Sarlo and the other young surfers also were avid skateboarders. </span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: white;">IN 1972 top Hawaiian designer Ben Aipa came to California for the World Championships and brought with him a revolutionary young surfer named Larry Bertlemann. Bertlemann had a low slung style that was completely innovative and phenomenally radical, especially his cutback, the Bertlemann cutback. </span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: white;">The Z-Boys were immediately taken with this radical style and began copying it in both surfing and most uniquely, skateboarding. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">They would ride the streets and school banks of West Los Angeles imitating their favorite surfers and inventing moves of their own on banked walls of asphalt. They developed a driving low slung style that was completely different from the common standup style of trick skateboarding.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> As they skated with each other, every day would become a contest to see who could do the most radical move. This was a pack of alpha teenage boys who did not take kindly to being second best. </span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: yellow;">In 1975, Adams, Cahill, Pratt, Sarlo and crew went to Engblom and asked to set up a skate team separate from the surf team.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> Engblom agreed and soon the skate team grew with all the top local skaters including Bob Biniak, Paul Constantineau, Jim Muir, Peggy Oki, Shogo Kubo and Wentzle Ruml. Engblom would coach them and insisted on high performance and good style. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">You had to go big and do it with style.</span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: yellow;">The Z-BOYS debuted at the Del Mar Nationals in March 1975. The first major skateboard contest since the original skateboard haydays of the mid 1960's. The first Z-BOY to compete was also the youngest and most naturally gifted, Jay Adams</span><span style="background-color: white;">. In the span of his three minute freestyle routine, young Adams shattered the preexisting norms of the skateboarding world with radical moves and an aggressive style that had never been seen before. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">The judges did not even have a reference for creating a score and the contest was thrown into an uproar. Adams was backed up by eleven more Z-BOY performances that left the existing standards of the skateboard establishment in a trash heap. The revolution had begun and as Nathan Pratt put it "Skateboarding would never be the same again"</span><span style="background-color: white;">.</span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: yellow;">At the end of the day, half of all the finalists were members of the Z-BOY crew. In the girls division, Peggy Oki, devastated the competition and the other girls complained to the judges. The judges' response was that she was better than most of the boys too.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">From Del Mar the Z-BOYS went on to expand their moves on the banks of the many schools in the hills of West Los Angeles area most notably Bellagio, Revere, Mar Vista, Brentwood and Kenter. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">There was a terrible drought and many swimming pools were drained. The Z-BOY crew took their surf style of skating to the pools and started hitting the coping. One day at a pool in Santa Monica they started hitting the coping so hard that they were flying out of the pool, getting air and then landing back in the pool. Aerial skateboarding had been invented. </span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: yellow;">After the stunning Z-BOY success at Del Mar the media started following the every move of the Z-BOYS. They snuck into backyards to ride empty pools and partied with rock stars.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> They pushed the limits and invented new moves everyday. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">Most involved was local photo journalist Craig Stecyk who wrote and photographed a series of want became known as the Dogtown articles for Skateboarder Magazine that immortalized the Z-BOY lifestyle.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> The body of photography by C.R. Stecyk III still stands as skateboarding's finest.</span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: white;">Fame and fortune followed with three of the top four places on the Skateboard Readers Poll being occupied by a Z-BOY. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">However, as all of the Z-BOYS developed into superstars it was hard to keep the team together. Big money was being thrown at the teenagers and team members starting splitting off.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> At the end Allen Sarlo and Nathan Pratt were the last Z-BOYs left. Sarlo went off to follow his dream of being on the pro surf tour. Pratt took over the Zephyr space, opened his own surf/skate shop and starting shaping Horizons West surfboards in 1977. </span><br /><br /><span style="background-color: yellow;">Like a comet, the Z-BOY era was a time that burned so bright and so hot that it had to explode. But in doing so, the Z-BOYS spread their influence even wider creating the modern extreme sports movement</span><span style="background-color: white;">. Twelve teenagers who hung out in the Santa Monica/Venice neighborhood of Ocean Park who just wanted to surf and skate, they had no idea that they would </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">start a revolution.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">Considered the most influential skateboard team in history, the Z-BOY movement continues to this day as an expression of performance, innovation and style.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: xx-small;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.z-boy.com/">Link</a></span><br />
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<img height="640" src="http://explore.levi.com/news/images/LEVISNIKE_layout_v28_FINAL-4.jpg" width="515" /><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A <span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">Craig Stecyk Photograph</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://explore.levi.com/news/images/LEVISNIKE_layout_v28_FINAL-4.jpg">Link</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This video shows the original Zephyr team skating a disused pool and the famous school banks.</span><br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/EJeRrHL-mJU?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">CRAIG STECKY PHOTOGRAPHY</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I decided to focus on the photographs taken by Craig Stecky, as these present the best insight into the dog town era. Stecky was one of the few photographers lucky enough follow and capture a lot of the action taking place throughout the Z-boy movement, therefore his photos provide a timeless look in to the exclusive dog town sessions.</span></div>
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<img alt="dogtown zephyr surf team jeff ho" height="415" src="http://theselvedgeyard.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/dogtown-zephyr-surf-team-jeff-ho.png?w=700" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dogtown’s legendary Zephyr surf team with c0-founder and designer Jeff Ho far right.</span></span></div>
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<img src="http://www.caughtinthecrossfire.com/uploads/2011/07/stecyk600.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.caughtinthecrossfire.com/skate/skate-news/craig-r-stecyk-iii-photo-edit/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img alt="Tony Alva testing the laws of motion." src="http://www.cartwheelart.com/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/TA-1.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A young Tony Alva </span></div>
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<img alt="Paul Cullen ripping." src="http://www.cartwheelart.com/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Cullen-1-653x442.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.cartwheelart.com/2013/07/08/kulture-kreator-an-interview-with-c-r-stecyk-iii/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 1.5em;">Craig Stecyk, Jay Adams, Northridge, California, ca. 1973, Courtesy of the artist © C.R. Stecyk</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://past.pacificstandardtime.org/exhibitions?id=backyard-oasis-the-swimming-pool-in-southern-california-photography-1945-1982">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">RICK GRIFFIN</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Rick Griffin is an American artists and illustrator hailing from California. He is best known for his work produced for the </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">surf </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">and </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">skateboard</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> industries but also found success creating colourful psychedelic style art.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Huichol Indian by Rick Griffin</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below is an informative video giving a brief insight into Griffins life and work.</span><br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/tGQaXvguCn8?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are a selection of images displaying Griffin's skateboard related work. He is well known for producing his cartoon styled illustrations for magazines such as 'The Surfer' and 'Skateboarder'. However, Griffin also produced a selection of other graphic related work such as logos and advertisement designs.</span></div>
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<img alt="Skateboard Bill by Rick Griffin" src="http://api.ning.com/files/ie5nt2KxHYphO1fvisgbTpkv7ZkBiPpY6LNNpHRfdWdDWJ-612HIEtlb8SQ7Zc0DgZj*vibz6HMo5o0e6p7HXuYulMOu9tFf/18SkateboardBillRickGriffin.jpg?width=480&height=467" /></div>
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<img alt="Rick Griffin: 'Cutter' skateboard artwork, 1988," src="http://images2.bonhams.com/image?src=Images/live/2008-02/28/7587835-73-1.jpg&tmp=web300&width=300&top=0.000000&left=0.000000&right=1.000000&bottom=1.000000" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Cutter Skateboard Trucks logo design</span></div>
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<img alt="B/W art, ink on paper" src="http://images1.bonhams.com/image?src=Images/live/2011-01/28/8245913-88-1.jpg&tmp=web300&top=0.000000&left=0.000000&right=1.000000&bottom=1.000000&dt=zoom_image" /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjof5wUmcdPPDOVVtXqHrHUQuPGJwoE3UmwXMToszt4qqsVoR0A9ZA4H06o3dpRwu_VfVQirsOH4yraUlPv3QUfDvrpxj8s0KWmd7HtHDsFs9kWbVc8LkWxopndMyJUkGGrQIKRx8ZhjNfq/s1600/1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjof5wUmcdPPDOVVtXqHrHUQuPGJwoE3UmwXMToszt4qqsVoR0A9ZA4H06o3dpRwu_VfVQirsOH4yraUlPv3QUfDvrpxj8s0KWmd7HtHDsFs9kWbVc8LkWxopndMyJUkGGrQIKRx8ZhjNfq/s640/1.JPG" width="356" /></a></div>
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<img alt="Murphy" src="http://www.clubofthewaves.com/surf-artist/griffin/the-surfer-magazine-murphy-rick-griffin.jpg" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Furthermore, I also looked at some of the posters Griffin produced for various music artists. A lot of the posters are typical of Griffin's psychedelic style, which is portrayed through his vivid colour choices and type. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Jimi Hendrix 1969</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Jimi Hendrix 1968</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SKATEBOARD EVOLUTION</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Finally, I want to focus on the changes that the skateboard deck underwent as the sport progressed. When skateboards were first surfacing they were usually lengths of 2x4 with roller skate wheels attached to them, in more modern times you can choose a deck in varying shapes, sizes and with different concaves. I want to look at the progression of the skateboard deck, from its most primitive form to the technologically advanced decks that are available today.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1940's</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://10108748joshuahall.blogspot.co.uk/p/project02-rethinking-form-function.html">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The first ever skateboards originated from old box scooters, kids would remove the box section from the scooter essentially creating the worlds first skateboard.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1950's</span></b></div>
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<img alt="metal skateboard wheels Top 5 Design Innovations in Skateboarding History" src="http://www.skateboardingmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/metal-skateboard-wheels.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.skateboardingmagazine.com/top-5-innovations-in-skateboarding-history/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The first skateboards that appeared in shops were simply planks of wood with roller skate wheels and trucks attached. They were vary basic and no doubt very hard to ride.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1960's</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The basic deck shape stays the same, with a simple flat plank of wood being used. Advances in the wheel department meant that people upgraded from the harsh metal wheels to clay ones, that probably weren't that much better.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There were vast improvements to the skateboard design in the 1970's. A tail was added to the deck which allowed skaters to perform more versatile tricks and polyurethane wheels were made commercially available vastly improving the smoothness and quality of the ride. Moreover, proper skateboard trucks were created and made commercially available.</span></div>
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<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwv89WcYvaUOALJpjMrwVIqeCmG_xsiEU-cb4NrDsxviX7E5Z6vEJBpDsnlA2BgDZNopLr-1MI0ql0iQSnYCuHPOju5raqvTaBmgjns4JOAi0wEWcANfrsXEyGL0EkUOZiIMCTVqrLcoou/s1600/skate15.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://10108748joshuahall.blogspot.co.uk/p/project02-rethinking-form-function.html">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the 1980's skateboards became much wider, had the length of the tail extended and the length of the nose shortened. Moreover, rails were added to the underneath of the skateboard for tricks like the 'board-slide' that involved grinding.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>1990's</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The 1990's introduce another change in board shape, concave is added to the nose and tail and the decks are generally thinner in width and longer in length. With advances in technology and with the new deck shape skateboards became lighter and easier to flip. The shape of the skateboard deck has now stayed relatively unchanged over the past two decades.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below is an infographic I found displaying the evolution of the skateboard. </span></div>
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<img alt="The Evolution of the Modern Skateboard" class="visually_embed_infographic" rel="http://thumbnails.visually.netdna-cdn.com/the-evolution-of-the-modern-skateboard_50290b3d6fa6c.png" src="http://thumbnails.visually.netdna-cdn.com/the-evolution-of-the-modern-skateboard_50290b3d6fa6c_w587.png" />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While researching into the evolution of the skateboard I discovered these interesting pictures taken for 'Life' magazine, they show the moment when the skateboarding craze first hit New York City in 1965.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://life.time.com/culture/skateboarding-photos-from-the-early-days-of-the-sport-and-the-pastime/#13">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SKATEBOARDING TODAY</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After an in depth look at the evolution of the sport I wanted to take a more modern focus on skateboarding, looking at the skaters, skateparks and products that are pushing the culture forward.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">David Gonzolas </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SKATERS </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the past decade, the skateboarding industry has seen the introduction of various phenomenally talented skateboarders. Their technical skills and innovative styles are light-years ahead of simple tricks originally created by the Z-boy pushing the boundaries of what we previously thought possible forward. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below is a selection of my personal favorite skaters, who I believe to be some of the most progressive athletes </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">DAVID GONZOLAS</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below is a video showcasing Davids talents.</span></div>
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<iframe class="ThrasherVideo" frameborder="0" height="344" src="http://www.thrashermagazine.com/Embed.php?VideoId=1801&Remote=1&Width=610" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" width="610"></iframe>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">BRANDON WESTGATE</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SKATEPARKS </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the days of Dogtown there were hardly any skateparks, so people found whatever they could to skate such as pools in peoples back gardens and various street obstacles. Since then there has been a steady increase of private and public skateparks. A private skatepark is usually privately owned and maintained, therefore to skate there participants must pay a fee. On the other hand, a public park is usually paid for and maintained by the local council and can therefore be free to anyone who wants to skate it. </span><br />
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<img height="480" src="http://www.warehouseleyland.co.uk/images/stories/gallery.photos/0.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Private Skatepark - The Wearhouse, Leyland.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.warehouseleyland.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=94&Itemid=520">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Public Skatepark - Radlands Plaza, <span class="irc_pt irc_iis" dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; cursor: pointer; display: inline !important; overflow: hidden; text-align: left; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;">Northampton</span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://b.vimeocdn.com/ts/336/204/336204061_640.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Skateboarding has always had a D.I.Y ethic since its conception when young children made their own skateboards from 2x4 planks of wood. This is reflected through many aspects of modern skateboarding, one of them being handmade skate spots. These spots are usually made by a group of skateboarders on disused or wasteland, using simple materials such as cement and bricks. I personally find D.I.Y spots more impressive as there is much more creativity put into their production, often the spots will incorporate features the environment in which they are situated. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are a selection of images of some D.I.Y spots from around the U.K, I asked some fellow skaters at Hyde Skatepark of the names and locations of some D.I.Y skate spots around the country, images of these were often easy to find on different blogs.</span></div>
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<img alt="FOZ tre flip at The Joint" height="360" src="http://cdn2.coresites.mpora.com/kingpin_new/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Leeds_01.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img alt="Guy Jones wallride to fakie at The Joint" height="426" src="http://cdn2.coresites.mpora.com/kingpin_new/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Leeds_15.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">The 'Joint' D.I.Y skate spot - Leeds</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://kingpin.mpora.com/uncategorized/levis-skate-launch-at-welcome-in-leeds.html">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Sheffield D.I.Y spot</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://insearchofthemiraculous.se/2011/08/sheaf-side-sheffield-diy/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img height="383" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW8nnMglX8FjmsgAuO-rVrmRkRPDHduFxL0TUepQSCOBfxIg7LZm90dQLpGDlB1damJMkUaUIHjvNaMhF87EOdyiBSoNO7XjsNLoIsLOsib-JHX3nQIJf3WES6vtyIccK2Qx6uyfJtFk2x/s640/IMAG0617web.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img height="383" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBjxLufiJRkv64lrjZs7qHlDLr0RREaQioSSrO5dMDGXfycnjJWCsuKYknZP_x7Cbf9VgYwGIBz_Wj-v29ckIRUY7ttwwUQvhM-cTsym5y1iq7S5tTPsrfPAmYng0DNWMc82Qvdrl6_A1j/s640/IMAG0621web.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img height="383" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhb15uLj8TMgfHtJqae8GzISmu42ZVJ4VtRAyGc0n611erJW4p15xwuZRG-59LRB-DPSUSD9hVBA5BErWIIoZ9V74EyMmApnmFJ8R53heEURZJd0wltPi14FSfjQdvhp30wJs-CxHN_wDRQ/s640/IMAG0627web.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fox Bowl - London</span></div>
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<img alt="VertWall-Lewes-RichWest" height="426" src="http://image2.redbull.com/rbcom/010/2013-07-30/1331604480686_2/0010/1/700/466/2/vertwall-lewes-richwest.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.redbull.com/en/skateboarding/stories/1331604497666/lewes-diy-skatehouse.">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This video showcases the 'Set in Stone' project, set up by Emerica, Carhartt and Kingpin magazine. Teaming up they sent out <span style="line-height: 19px;">builder crews and riders to various places</span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"> all over Europe to help build D.I.Y spots. The video is a good example of the basic techniques used to create these spots and the quality of what can be achieved.</span></div>
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SKATEBOARDING, GRAPHIC DESIGN & ILLUSTRATION</b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Firstly, skateboarding is a very free, creative sport and therefore attracts a lot of creatively minded people. In response to the audience attracted to skateboarding the industry relies heavily on aesthetically engaging products. For this reason, both the design and skateboard industries have always shared a close relationship. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My next section of research will focus on the aesthetic side of skateboarding, concentrating on the graphic work created for various parts of the industry.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SKATEBOARD GRAPHICS</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I collected images of skateboard graphics from books; 'Boards - The Art and Design of the Skateboard' and 'Dysfunctional', both books showcase a vast amount of skateboard graphics both past and present.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Images taken from the book; 'Boards'</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi608q4awxddfGhkl-XusFk1EeQuj_qA5QBWgvuWZxcF1u5p9g-Xl6zJ_ncxm0onqM_ZW4p_p4QVi_a0hSp9ayrw6KgFWYR6PJjkocGBV4UmUxbRJusORGLQOhG04px9uOT7XVDkaqQxtu_/s1600/img355.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi608q4awxddfGhkl-XusFk1EeQuj_qA5QBWgvuWZxcF1u5p9g-Xl6zJ_ncxm0onqM_ZW4p_p4QVi_a0hSp9ayrw6KgFWYR6PJjkocGBV4UmUxbRJusORGLQOhG04px9uOT7XVDkaqQxtu_/s640/img355.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">These skateboard designs uitlizes photography rather than other more illustrative techniques. Using artwork like this has only become available since the introduction of heat-transfer graphic sheets.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpz8YHh6XXdRKHhAKJFqcLsIc8pKTrj8LjAyu3zGYv4_qd3RHxqTgEiV3molxgH1vTJ3FGq1NJmY4GMFelqFcXL08DLD_mTx82taiTWH3V78L_MPNzNh-4klQzQfzGs6vWlFgmLL0jgDSH/s1600/img356.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpz8YHh6XXdRKHhAKJFqcLsIc8pKTrj8LjAyu3zGYv4_qd3RHxqTgEiV3molxgH1vTJ3FGq1NJmY4GMFelqFcXL08DLD_mTx82taiTWH3V78L_MPNzNh-4klQzQfzGs6vWlFgmLL0jgDSH/s640/img356.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhobYsUgPXVsU1kZOfxlnHA37IdQVIcKIx1X7C1Oe9WpIlFkuC3epWAGC03uMVIfA6fF1eWw8_SQhLbBUXiShQg1bNGV1LZvN3NNfgIx8QfNdUnK_CkgvVismRm7IZ_PRvLu9P9sOf6DgMG/s1600/img361.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhobYsUgPXVsU1kZOfxlnHA37IdQVIcKIx1X7C1Oe9WpIlFkuC3epWAGC03uMVIfA6fF1eWw8_SQhLbBUXiShQg1bNGV1LZvN3NNfgIx8QfNdUnK_CkgvVismRm7IZ_PRvLu9P9sOf6DgMG/s640/img361.jpg" width="548" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Images taken from the book; 'Dysfunctional' </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHe0ntQtm2DKx1YvFLyOrpxQ-0APew79eUlnxadckJG9BnIJmk0KzixMDwiaYTNRNnxfZcgRLmiXsY1WsWQqV5ZUTAMyNccVzYxKbgDlzEhKVQO1i7XEtfBi-9NwK0PGB-PeEsNOq49Whyphenhyphen/s1600/img364.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHe0ntQtm2DKx1YvFLyOrpxQ-0APew79eUlnxadckJG9BnIJmk0KzixMDwiaYTNRNnxfZcgRLmiXsY1WsWQqV5ZUTAMyNccVzYxKbgDlzEhKVQO1i7XEtfBi-9NwK0PGB-PeEsNOq49Whyphenhyphen/s640/img364.jpg" width="439" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Classic 60's style skateboard decks with simple silk screened graphics.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYHea6luP3LyAlJtj3LA8VJ6Nw-JkDge4DAzeANX5HXnYGza9XInrI8PcYgiRmVw4CjbaSWHhkqdU1zDc7_Ysvypif8NoZVHaF_ZPCROVvEij5bUfiwZw1Dv1AB-XGy2wlK9xgYgd8WfKD/s1600/img365.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYHea6luP3LyAlJtj3LA8VJ6Nw-JkDge4DAzeANX5HXnYGza9XInrI8PcYgiRmVw4CjbaSWHhkqdU1zDc7_Ysvypif8NoZVHaF_ZPCROVvEij5bUfiwZw1Dv1AB-XGy2wlK9xgYgd8WfKD/s640/img365.jpg" width="444" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Wide pool boards like this were popular in the 80's.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7mUsiOVmK7jLfhPYYVp2ELxovtUR_03zFwmcTeoFLsKcZtalH8W14NUHUYerlJeYPoRiF5qZbG0BMceaMuWkeIZ1YmDf1Q3MTlCsY_LcQJMK6LX405yXVmHTxycreT8MDVp1cblMG1vH1/s1600/img366.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="550" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7mUsiOVmK7jLfhPYYVp2ELxovtUR_03zFwmcTeoFLsKcZtalH8W14NUHUYerlJeYPoRiF5qZbG0BMceaMuWkeIZ1YmDf1Q3MTlCsY_LcQJMK6LX405yXVmHTxycreT8MDVp1cblMG1vH1/s640/img366.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">I really like this series of deckss illustrated for 'Chocolate Skateboards', the consistent illustration style and its composition across six skateboards creates a really engaging set of boards.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMJR2iW74OLHgrTB1hA6Fd-a29vWMfTe4C0eXEHMTctebyqlSb7SCKqbs0LTB5bQumOxa2VuRlMLM_vLAT86IUHJDbY6TATsgDNk0b2Nndo2kXWs1BZ9BIOaUznk5_zDkHa0regDVRUqGg/s1600/img367.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMJR2iW74OLHgrTB1hA6Fd-a29vWMfTe4C0eXEHMTctebyqlSb7SCKqbs0LTB5bQumOxa2VuRlMLM_vLAT86IUHJDbY6TATsgDNk0b2Nndo2kXWs1BZ9BIOaUznk5_zDkHa0regDVRUqGg/s640/img367.jpg" width="434" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg755C1JeDvgZZh534_CwqiP-Qz1EQfnoBTa2SgvdS65B4iWuPOjmIGN529mq9ruZVYhDXLwNGrTqjTaCoK7MDpJcNHJvydH-u8gDHYKwhHUdRDxynUuLVUrzgP2WSbCTMiUD9czbAegUDL/s1600/img368.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg755C1JeDvgZZh534_CwqiP-Qz1EQfnoBTa2SgvdS65B4iWuPOjmIGN529mq9ruZVYhDXLwNGrTqjTaCoK7MDpJcNHJvydH-u8gDHYKwhHUdRDxynUuLVUrzgP2WSbCTMiUD9czbAegUDL/s640/img368.jpg" width="490" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Various skateboard designs on a modern shaped deck.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>SKATE RELATED ARTISTS</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NECK FACE</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Neckface is an anonymous graffiti artist from California, America. He paints demonic creatures, in a lose, scratchy style. Neckface is also massively involved in the skateboard industry, producing illustrations for skateboards, t-shirts, magazines and tattoos. Due to his involvement with various skate companies Neckface's work has become a regular in the industry. </span><br />
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<img height="360" src="http://www.fecalface.com/openings3/neckface_7_12/NECKFACE_1.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.fecalface.com/openings3/neckface_7_12/NECKFACE_1.jpg">Link</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below is a short documentary hosted by Patrick O'Dell, named 'Epicly Later'd' the show usually focuses on the personal lives of professional skateboarders. However, due to Neckface's close relationship with various pro skaters and the skateboard industry the show decided to do a feature on him. The show is really interesting, and give an insight into Neckface's work and personality. </span></div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/jYZKbRsm0ys?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Next, I looked at Neckface's work, as he is a practicing graffiti artist he doesn't have his own portfolio website, so I had to use various internet sources to find images of his work.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Neckface's style is made immediately obvious through his demonic like characters and phrases. </span></div>
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<img height="480" src="http://www.cvltnation.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/yltA2KJkIVm0M9PY0YA3NGjzbkF.jpeg" width="640" /></div>
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<img src="http://www.cvltnation.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/1271384140_abdaa0e966.jpeg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.cvltnation.com/the-devils-handneckface-art-spotlight/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Neckface's scratchy, demonic creatures are also utilized on his skateboard deck illustrations. </span></div>
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<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUgmIhfUriErkqCANH2ledLMJaY40LpZk0dRQmJIp7-YLXywCyJTBsrlE8cLCbGDDE3NANNRwPIj0U0kGg2R0JIlI5I2lEVKm0PImgDYaj576K4RfoLCpTmr3lvw1LHo14WvPeBqkgSzc/s1600/neckface-boards.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://lyndsss.blogspot.co.uk/2011/01/neck-face-1984.html">Link</a></span></div>
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<img height="640" src="http://www.nativeskatestore.co.uk/images/baker-braydon-szafranski-neckface-collect-call-skateboard-deck-8-25-p13781-30823_zoom.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.nativeskatestore.co.uk/skateboards-c7/skateboard-decks-c23/baker-braydon-szafranski-neckface-collect-call-skateboard-deck-8-25-p13781">Link</a></span></div>
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<img height="640" src="http://www.nativeskatestore.co.uk/images/baker-baca-neckface-chosen-one-skateboard-deck-8-475-p13782-30824_zoom.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.nativeskatestore.co.uk/images/baker-baca-neckface-chosen-one-skateboard-deck-8-475-p13782-30824_zoom.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<img height="258" src="http://www.totalprosports.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/27-NeckFace-skateboard-art-graphics.jpeg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.totalprosports.com/2012/07/20/27-examples-of-awesome-skateboard-art/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img src="http://media.skateboard.com.au/forum/images/neckface.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FUNERAL FRENCH</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">French is a freelance artist and illustrator from Hampshire, England. The majority of French's work has been used within the skateboard industry, for either deck graphics or t-shirt designs. His intricacy and attention to detail is inspiring, each illustration resembles a complex wood-cut print, using fine lines to build up the texture and detail of each illustration.</span><br />
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<img src="http://www.thedailystreet.co.uk/wp-content/themes/thedailystreet/images/2011/03/Sporlight-French-Interview-1.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.thedailystreet.co.uk/wp-content/themes/thedailystreet/images/2011/03/Sporlight-French-Interview-1.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">French also owns his own skateboard company called 'Witchcraft', his dark, detailed illustrations really suit the occult style ethos of the company.</span></div>
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<img height="640" src="http://blog.shinerskateboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/frenchcreature.jpg" width="602" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some various illustrations taken from French's website.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">AARON HORKEY</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Aaron Horkey is an artist and illustrator from Minnesota, America . Horkey's specialty lies within his ability to create exquisitely detailed illustrations and beautiful type. Due to the quality of his work Horkey's services are in high demand, some of his previous clients include skateboard companies 'Flip Skateboards' and 'Spitfire Wheels'.</span><br />
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<img alt="horkey ryan 2" height="480" src="http://411posters.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/horkey-ryan-2.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://411posters.com/2011/11/new-print-by-aaron-horkey-jay-ryan/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below is a selection of Horkey's work that I found inspiring. One of the first things I came across was this laser cut skateboard design, the intricate illustration was captured perfectly by the laser cutter creating a captivating, aesthetically engaging design. </span></div>
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<img height="154" src="http://assets.jackywinter.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Zygomaturus-1128x272.jpg" width="640" /><br />
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<img height="492" src="http://arrestedmotion.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/screen-shot-2010-09-22-at-53900-pm.png" width="640" /><br />
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<img alt="screen-shot-2010-09-22-at-53919-pm" height="515" src="http://arrestedmotion.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/screen-shot-2010-09-22-at-53919-pm.png" width="640" /><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://arrestedmotion.com/2010/09/openings-aaron-horkey-midwestern-heart-remick-gallery/screen-shot-2010-09-22-at-53919-pm/">Link</a></span><br />
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<img height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSRtjNwZpkn4xb6fZhx6NG-Ti5YIYybiScNF3zvIOcmVF2HgDGL4-IUebPZxIwwDf_4f-qhoTWY0z8ncW0FHUXYDCnGIBDrngx0rinUXpIt8Su6Z-Sv24jBapTCEHwCGz1a70Fev20CVI/s640/Aaron_Horkey_06.jpg" width="640" /><br />
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<img height="640" src="http://assets.jackywinter.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/conchords_regular-768x1426.jpg" width="344" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://jackywinter.com/artists/aaron-horkey/">Link</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />MICHAEL SIEBEN</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Michael Sieben is a designer and illustrator based in Austin, Texas. Sieben's work has been featured in exhibitions around the world, in magazines such as Thrasher and throughout parts of the skateboard industry.</span><br />
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<img height="424" src="http://mydumbluck.com/nowness/MichaelSieben.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Thrasher Magazine Illustrations</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 24px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sieben worked for Thrasher Magazine as a staff writer and illustrator. Below are a few of the Illustrations he created while working there, their messy style is remnant of the </span></span></div>
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<img alt="thrasher7" height="517" src="http://www.msieben.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/thrasher7.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img alt="thrasher13" height="520" src="http://www.msieben.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/thrasher13.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.msieben.com/commercial-work/thrasher/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Roger Skateboards</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 2009 Sieben started his own company with friend Stacy Lowery, Sieben is responsible for creating the company branding and skateboard graphics. I think the company aesthetic is very effective as the same illustrative style is consistent throughout both the company branding and skateboard designs. </span></div>
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<img alt="roger_decks1" height="370" src="http://www.msieben.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/roger_decks1.jpg" width="640" /><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
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<img alt="roger_decks4" height="370" src="http://www.msieben.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/roger_decks4.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img alt="roger_decks6" height="370" src="http://www.msieben.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/roger_decks6.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.msieben.com/commercial-work/roger/">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> TARGET AUDIENCE</b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Its hard to specify a specific target audience when designing for a skateboard company as skateboarding has a following of over </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skateboarding" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">18.5 million people</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">. Naturally the demographic ranges drastically, 'The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents' state that <a href="http://www.rospa.com/leisuresafety/adviceandinformation/playsafety/skateboarding-safety.aspx">"<span style="line-height: 16px;">The average age of skateboarders is between 13 and 14 and they participate in the sport on average 50.8 days in the year. 90% of them are male and 60% are under 15.</span> "</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">According to these facts the majority of skateboarders in the UK are between the ages of 13 and 14. </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Finally, I watched this inspirational talk given by skateboard legend Rodney Mullen. </span><br />
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Jordan Harrison-Readerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15016753061394409297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-559541028843278637.post-67681212167409262572013-09-19T09:00:00.000-07:002013-10-02T05:39:33.196-07:00SUMMER BRIEF - RESEARCH TOPIC 2<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">RESEARCH TOPIC 2 </span>- D.I.Y CULTURE</b></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I started my research by defining the areas of D.I.Y I want to focus on, as it is a very open term that can be associated with almost anything. Below is a diagram highlighting the areas I that want to cover.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2CobN6eWzVj3yfG9gpzHf-TX-7bNWKJAYUm673Z55TY9E0B1U8ySQE4qpsCAKavDGV7SHC2yLiHDLPOuE2S2ENqW9xmoxCBgRPHgzlpSBTi302-zz1SEqQ9bya0EsWPbaLAZE4lfaNZKu/s1600/img289.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="370" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2CobN6eWzVj3yfG9gpzHf-TX-7bNWKJAYUm673Z55TY9E0B1U8ySQE4qpsCAKavDGV7SHC2yLiHDLPOuE2S2ENqW9xmoxCBgRPHgzlpSBTi302-zz1SEqQ9bya0EsWPbaLAZE4lfaNZKu/s640/img289.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>WHAT WILL I FOCUS ON?</b></span><br />
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<li><b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Zines & Self Published Books</b></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Creative individuals</b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Skateboarding</b></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I want to focus my research on people who create things with their own two hands, whether this is carving a skateboard from a block of wood, or self-publishing a zine or book. As a creatively minded person I have always been infatuated with craft and making things myself, I believe there is a certain quality that is achieved that cannot be matched by other forms of mass produced media. </span><br />
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ZINES & </b><b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SELF PUBLISHED BOOKS</b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I kicked off my second research topic by looking at zines. Due to their construction and function the majority of zines </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">are created and </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">published independently, making them fit the D.I.Y ethos perfectly.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>WHAT IS A ZINE?</b></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Short for “fanzine” or “magazine,” a zine is a noncommercial, often homemade, mini magazine. Zines are published in small print runs. One definition includes that a zine must have a circulation of under 5,000 copies and most zines are produced in editions of under 1,000. As zines are not typically made to turn a profit, they can often give expression to views and interests outside the cultural mainstream.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://libguides.tulane.edu/calvert">Link</a></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Next, I used a book called 'Fanzines' by Teal Triggs, to research further into what makes a zine a zine.</span><br />
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Often fly beneath the mainstream radar, independently published.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Distribution takes place at zine fairs, personally, they can be sent through the post or be sold at independent music,art and book shops. </span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Zines focus on communicating a message to a specific crowd of usually like-minded people, for example punk zines where often fanzines about punk bands for other punks to read.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Print runs often vary and depend on the artist who produced the zine.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>HISTORY </b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>HOW TO MAKE YOUR OWN SIMPLE ZINE.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While researching into zine culture I discovered this short video created by Salford University. True to the D.I.Y zine ethos, the video shows the viewer how they can quickly create a small zine using only an A4 sheet of paper.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This same technique was used to create the zine displayed below called 'Opinionated Woodland Creatures'. In the small zine, illustrated monsters review the artists playing at one of the stages at Beacons music festival.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The zine is simply illustrated and offers the audience a brief, lighthearted view of some of the artists playing.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As a zine like this requires so little production effort it can be distributed to people free of charge. </span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">VILLAGE BOOK STORE - LEEDS ZINE SHOP</b></div>
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<img alt="Machu Picchu - DR.ME show in store now" height="426" src="http://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/736x/b4/0e/4d/b40e4d9a2c895b73c480045e0d4e1229.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">On a recent trip into Leeds city center I visited the 'Village Book Store' found in the Corner Exchange. I spoke to the man working who explained the small shop specializes in selling artist books, creative magazines and independent zines from all over the world. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I also inquired what the requirements are for piece of work to be featured. I was told that the shop is very open to submissions, but the work must be brought down and reviewed by members of the team before it can be put on the shelves.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I spent some time browsing through the work available at the store and found a lot of inspiring work. Unfortunately, I did not have any money on me so I couldn't purchase any of my favorites. </span><br />
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">GREY SKATEBOARD MAGAZINE </b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Grey is a free,</span> London based zine style skateboard magazine. An issue comes out every few months and features interviews, articles and a selection of skateboard photography. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The zine itself is produced and designed to a really high standard, it has a simple, effective design that focuses viewer attention on the photographs displayed. The zine is printed on a thick matt stock which gives the publication a quality feel that is only usually achieved by the more expensive magazines. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I managed to pick myself a copy of the magazine up from <a href="http://welcomeleeds.com/">Welcome</a> skate store in Leeds.</span><br />
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These sequence shots are really effective at capturing the movement and the trick performed. As they are quite busy images the designer has placed them over a double page spread.</span></li>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The magazine focuses on skate photography, as this is what the audience want to see. Therefore, a lot of page space is taken up by imagery. </span></li>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">No.ZINE </b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A zine that really caught my interest last year is No.Zine, each issue showcases a variety of young artists, designers, writers, photographers and illustrators. With a target audience of creatively minded people, the zines design has to be interesting to keep the reader engaged. Therefore, each zine that they release is exquisitely designed, and perfectly balances functionality with engaging visuals. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Curation, illustration, design and art-direction by Patrick Fry with the help of many great contributors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some images displaying on of my favorite issues of No. Zine.</span><br />
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<img height="300" src="http://www.nozine.com/images/4,5,6%20-%20WEB/4/No.4_018.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<img height="300" src="http://www.nozine.com/images/4,5,6%20-%20WEB/4/No.4_08.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<img height="300" src="http://www.nozine.com/images/4,5,6%20-%20WEB/4/No.4_019.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<img height="300" src="http://www.nozine.com/images/4,5,6%20-%20WEB/4/No.4_05.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.nozine.com/">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">CREATIVE INDIVIDUALS </b></h3>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ANDREW GROVES</b></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Andrew Groves is an Artist, Illustrator and craftsman from England. Currently working as a freelance illustrator Groves also runs a company called 'Miscellaneous Adventures', a craft driven project focused on showcasing hand carved wooden objects.</span><br />
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">I first discovered groves' work in an issue of Huck magazine. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some examples of the products available on the Miscellaneous Adventures website. All the items have been exquisitely carved by hand, and this is clearly reflected in their aesthetic quality and functionality.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://miscellaneousadventures.tictail.com/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Groves has also created some really effective company branding, the simple vector graphics are eye catching and reflect the nature influenced company ethos. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some more examples of Grove's Illustrative work.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.andrewgroves.co.uk/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While browsing through Groves website I discovered some really inspirational work that caters specifically to my interests and taste. The skateboards were created to promote a new lynx fragrance called 'Excite', each design has been laser etched onto a blank deck to create some really original pieces. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.andrewgroves.co.uk/Lynx-Excite">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ONDU</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18px;">ONDU is a craft driven design studio</span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"> f</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">ounded by Elvis Halilović, an industrial designer, photographer and carpenter.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"> At t</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">he studio located in Slovenia, they use sustainable sources to create high quality hand made items such as wooden pinhole cameras and self-sustainable geodesic domes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18px;">"We merge high level craftsmanship with functional and durable products that will bring the notion of intergenerational exchange of objects back into our lives." </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Official Website - <a href="http://ondu.si/">http://ondu.si</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>CAMERAS </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While researching into ONDU I found a promotional video that showcases some of the design and production skill that goes into each camera. I really enjoyed watching the process each camera goes though as it highlights the skill and passion that goes into making each piece.</span></div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/xPP9zE0LhNw?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some images of the beautifully crafted pinhole cameras that are created at the ONDU studio. Currently, society revolves around disposable items, including cameras, our world can only continue providing us with the resources to live this way for a certain amount of time. Meaning, that a change soon has to come, thi is not sustainable </span></div>
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<img height="266" src="http://payload174.cargocollective.com/1/10/350554/5787018/Leica_classic_side_913.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">135 Pocket Pinhole Camera</span></div>
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<img height="266" src="http://petapixel.com/assets/uploads/2013/05/ondu-135-panoramic-1.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">135 Panoramic Pinhole Camera</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">6x12 Multiformat Pinhole Camera</span></div>
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<img height="265" src="http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2013/05/ondu41-537x357.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4x5 Pinhole Camera</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sliding Box Pinhole Camera</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18px;"><b>GEODESIC DOMES</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18px;">ONDU also create Geodesic domes for various uses such as greenhouses and small living spaces. |To help keep the domes true to the sustainable company ethos each frames is manufactured using no steel, this means that they are joined using a combination of wooden screws and glue.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">From a design point of view the domes are aesthetically pleasing, functional and sustainable. I believe it is these three aspects that captured my interest when looking at ONDU's work.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://ondu.si/ONDU-Domes">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SKATEBOARDING</b></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Finally, I focused on the D.I.Y side of skateboarding, this has always been part of the driving force that pushes the culture forward. Since the sports conception there has always been a D.I.Y ethos that has stuck with the sport, from skaters running their own small companies to building D.I.Y skate spots. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I want to focus my final section of research on the creative individuals who run their own companies and apply the D.I.Y frame of mind to their companies and products.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>LOVENSKATE</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lovenskate is an east-London based skateboard company who hand produce zines and hand print t-shirts and skateboards. Printing decks this way is a dying trade as now or days most of the graphics are heat-transferred onto the board. However, Lovenskate screen-print each deck individually, giving each skateboard and individual, one of a kind look. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I find the Lovenskate company really inspiring as so much passion and effort goes into producing each piece of merchandise. Moreover, screen-printing and skateboards are both things that I personally find really interesting.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5IdEYrqDVp-JACLUtcFjhJcYGgDYnstlnfWfVRZbNP-b4HztkpshvUT_LT4RJlNnaCopf4Uup1QOJ54-VTfi4cJMfc0VmqxHJ5yLnq1i-zEn3q0Q7_ADKmh9yOrhJp7cSApXDnc3xln62/s1600/Capture1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="428" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5IdEYrqDVp-JACLUtcFjhJcYGgDYnstlnfWfVRZbNP-b4HztkpshvUT_LT4RJlNnaCopf4Uup1QOJ54-VTfi4cJMfc0VmqxHJ5yLnq1i-zEn3q0Q7_ADKmh9yOrhJp7cSApXDnc3xln62/s640/Capture1.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.lovenskate.com/gallery/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I first discovered Lovenskate through Huck magazine, artists and craftsmen are regularly featured in the 'Working Artisans Club' which is a section of the magazine that is devoted on exposing and praising the unsung heroes of the creative world.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgueigXycHjzsXQAxU4fqwe9gpc33Nxew9-yVlJwCMcf5-b5mj5t67fegFAAhYOt4aAyAqPbKi6tKscN0SIcgzVx1TUtVMLk0PlQokj5wBYsPbHJrFL8Fw2X_wS73-VgSQas8huc5mBzdpR/s1600/img299.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgueigXycHjzsXQAxU4fqwe9gpc33Nxew9-yVlJwCMcf5-b5mj5t67fegFAAhYOt4aAyAqPbKi6tKscN0SIcgzVx1TUtVMLk0PlQokj5wBYsPbHJrFL8Fw2X_wS73-VgSQas8huc5mBzdpR/s640/img299.jpg" width="464" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi139fmpabt1wofK1F2lN2Q1lVCUqFgLHu74_ON1M8pEiGZNGVYDmfwrwVSxnCI-r00Sv79ShAEXsJsuFx7lNUaXnszY8Nv3OUukui8hHV6K_rDckpj7EhDOXbEwE8Mqra0WKeWDm15o5Dx/s1600/img300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi139fmpabt1wofK1F2lN2Q1lVCUqFgLHu74_ON1M8pEiGZNGVYDmfwrwVSxnCI-r00Sv79ShAEXsJsuFx7lNUaXnszY8Nv3OUukui8hHV6K_rDckpj7EhDOXbEwE8Mqra0WKeWDm15o5Dx/s640/img300.jpg" width="466" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_l0-0rSgwrbk-cvIjIkz59wRmSjDid0ZUn-0JhTRpNcKQU0inGt9SVZGzCUhMLlK2CBAFJdfqmYlN3pCoPi1v14OfMUJWyzuetxw2-nsn_ftBmWVg5LCM-thBHG-ez2t4ciftrLHkBHKG/s1600/img301.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_l0-0rSgwrbk-cvIjIkz59wRmSjDid0ZUn-0JhTRpNcKQU0inGt9SVZGzCUhMLlK2CBAFJdfqmYlN3pCoPi1v14OfMUJWyzuetxw2-nsn_ftBmWVg5LCM-thBHG-ez2t4ciftrLHkBHKG/s640/img301.jpg" width="466" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lovenskate also produce a zine which features articles and interviews and a selection of photography. The design of the zine reminds me of the early punk zines that I researched into earlier.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4Lm5_5by-IPh1KA79Xgj1yrW_1LhbSj6VSgBEP6SOlydBRm-ctoTEB9OB6yG9vyO2xmG5y9GccnypDcSm7arqy0qAVun4j7wcVft6IwLbrsUVOhxfX7XPQ3Du54ixuhwj6VG8X1q3AAfO/s1600/m1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="452" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4Lm5_5by-IPh1KA79Xgj1yrW_1LhbSj6VSgBEP6SOlydBRm-ctoTEB9OB6yG9vyO2xmG5y9GccnypDcSm7arqy0qAVun4j7wcVft6IwLbrsUVOhxfX7XPQ3Du54ixuhwj6VG8X1q3AAfO/s640/m1.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB_HLPWyeKvO7DerZrOVlEVZ6cwmVQZveQkP3Is0hBYcTRZFnm4AuOP9OMVY9j1xus4sN6Zz0tfoZV5QT8TtQ9G8rBCu0HXRnz_0a8Gx2dLxZ4BKzk-q9zr_RNh9OqrWsaKAZbJkQyqP7b/s1600/m2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB_HLPWyeKvO7DerZrOVlEVZ6cwmVQZveQkP3Is0hBYcTRZFnm4AuOP9OMVY9j1xus4sN6Zz0tfoZV5QT8TtQ9G8rBCu0HXRnz_0a8Gx2dLxZ4BKzk-q9zr_RNh9OqrWsaKAZbJkQyqP7b/s640/m2.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbO86esZSctRX62M9Ym5GfzT3hF-kXTkBwHIYNiwo5742Ti2vDV5K7KbrnzfNnuPWzofW2W73Ast_DIaVhq9IEOuk6lu-f9c-qhdDiUI9IHT2d2hApTEeRrYX9rMUkWhjJQsrn3-t30UC4/s1600/m3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="450" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbO86esZSctRX62M9Ym5GfzT3hF-kXTkBwHIYNiwo5742Ti2vDV5K7KbrnzfNnuPWzofW2W73Ast_DIaVhq9IEOuk6lu-f9c-qhdDiUI9IHT2d2hApTEeRrYX9rMUkWhjJQsrn3-t30UC4/s640/m3.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVxlg2xs_wIesilQukBmHqsWpk5EHqaAUIqJ6nc2uwN8UqJApZ7XaoZrsvz1w5ynldhC9ZMg0lRVPYq0QyA1rBByQyluMqlZBQ6uBS_AbNBPP2TxGVs9dthbZ-iIgb7g26VDAyN4Q2W6Cw/s1600/m5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="454" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVxlg2xs_wIesilQukBmHqsWpk5EHqaAUIqJ6nc2uwN8UqJApZ7XaoZrsvz1w5ynldhC9ZMg0lRVPYq0QyA1rBByQyluMqlZBQ6uBS_AbNBPP2TxGVs9dthbZ-iIgb7g26VDAyN4Q2W6Cw/s640/m5.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some images displaying the graphic side of the company. Featured are company advertisements and examples of the</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> illustrations that are hand printed onto each deck. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQLrxuZswDOVMChU-jVM16r_r074oFsofMu49-zgBNMo_h3tv08boVj8KDZbTYN8c3KsuvoWkVwQJ2qSNBavVMw9qA0DyoWCbySqnXKet9fXU-cVswDuan2KPDx8bHbdZmzhZgtCa6XhXB/s1600/m2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQLrxuZswDOVMChU-jVM16r_r074oFsofMu49-zgBNMo_h3tv08boVj8KDZbTYN8c3KsuvoWkVwQJ2qSNBavVMw9qA0DyoWCbySqnXKet9fXU-cVswDuan2KPDx8bHbdZmzhZgtCa6XhXB/s640/m2.JPG" width="446" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.lovenskate.com/gallery/">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">DL SKATEBOARDS</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">DL Skateboards is a small company based in the north of Los Angeles owned and run by Derek Mabra and Lauren Andino. The company makes hand-made 70's style cruisers using solid oak planks bought from a local timber merchant. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Each board is shaped and painted by hand, therefore each deck that is created is slightly different and individual from the last, this adds to the one of a kind feel that the company aim to achieve.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below is a promotional video showing the production process each board undertakes.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some examples of the DL skateboards products. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As a company DL skateboards haven't really focused on the graphic side of their company and instead have focused on their products. Therefore, company branding is very simple and consists only of a simple handwritten logo that can be found on the website.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The website itself reflects the hand-made ethos the company follows, its simple design puts the viewer focus on the products. Moreover, the primary font used is a hand written styled font, I believe this was chosen to reflect the nature of the company. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Although the website is successful I believe the company could really benefit from some proper branding.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>SATTA SKATES </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Satta skates is a London based skateboard company run by Joe Lauder. The company specializes in producing bespoke, 70's inspired hand made cruisers from wood off-cuts collected from the local saw mill. The decks produced are sustainable, and made to a standard that mainstream companies just cant match.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I initially discovered Satta Skates when reading Huck magazine, the company had a feature in 'The Working Artisans club'. After reading the article and researching further into the brand I became obsessed with the company and its products.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some of the boards available from the Satta Skates website.</span></div>
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<img height="640" src="http://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0266/4423/products/circleyjazz.jpg?392" width="426" /><br />
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<img height="640" src="http://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0266/4423/products/palmyjazzy.jpg?392" width="426" /><br />
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<img height="640" src="http://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0266/4423/products/visionflyhigh.png?392" width="426" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Next, I have featured some of the effective Satta Skates graphics. A range of graphics have been created to be used across the company for the decks, t-shirts, strickers and for the company branding. Many of the illustrations have a hand-rendered feel, I think is really effective as hand rendered graphics are relevant to the company ethos.</span></div>
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<img alt="Satta Livity" height="555" src="http://25.media.tumblr.com/4f9c2da5235ae648af033bd1e6eb6c1a/tumblr_mrxmsgRcmQ1rexk9mo1_1280.png" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://sattaskates.tumblr.com/post/59005084236/satta-livity">Link</a></span></div>
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<img height="640" src="http://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0266/4423/products/stickerpack.jpg?392" width="426" /><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This custom sticker pack features a selection of the logo style graphics. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.sattaskates.com/products/sticker-pack">Link</a></span><br />
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<a href="http://www.sattaskates.com/products/brixton-beach-tee" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Link</a><br />
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<img alt="www.sattaskates.com" height="612" src="http://24.media.tumblr.com/a5e738574e2f4c5ce6c48db7fb4ceb69/tumblr_mnxl8jzIVu1rexk9mo1_1280.png" width="640" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The symbolism in this design relates to Budhism and sacred geometry giving viewers an insight into some Joe Laurders inspiration and interests.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://sattaskates.tumblr.com/post/48626860018">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://sattaskates.tumblr.com/post/33419608048/www-sattaskates-com">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>DRIFTWOOD SURFBOARDS</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Driftwood Surfboards is a UK company set up in 2009 by David Forsyth. The company aim to make quality surfboards out of materials that are less damaging to the environment than conventional foam production methods. Therefore, Driftwood make their surfboards from wood that is either reclaimed or bought from a sustainable source. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It was the sustainable ethos that initially attracted me to the company, they put a lot of effort into ensuring that the materials used are not damaging to the environment and that no materials are wasted.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The company's ethos is built on three key principles, the three R's;</span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">Refined</span> - Beautifully crafted, high quality products. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">Respectful</span> - Conscious of the companies impact on the environment.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">Resourceful</span> - Only environmentally friendly materials are used to construct the products.</span></li>
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<img height="426" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/David-Forsyth-2-1-805x536.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some of the products available on the website, each board is beautifully crafted, a work of art in itself and a real testament to British craftsmanship.</span></div>
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<img height="508" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/chambered-front-beach-landscape-805x641.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img height="446" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/nevvile-beach-805x562.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img height="255" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/onthelog-805x322.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img height="426" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/feesh-front-805x536.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img height="425" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/feesh-bottom-805x536.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/product-category/boards/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While browsing through the <a href="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/blog/">Driftwood blog</a> I discovered this <span style="background-color: yellow;">M.C Escher surfboard</span>, created by the founder of the company <span style="line-height: 22px;">David Forsyth. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 22px;">The board takes inspiration from Escher's tessellation work that I looked at in my first research topic. The pattern is made up from over 2000 individual lizards, each with 24-carrot gold eyes, the results are breath taking.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 22px;">The surfboard took a total of three months to create </span><span style="line-height: 22px;">nd formed the centerpiece of the British Museum of Surfing’s latest exhibition ‘The Art of Surfing’.</span><span style="line-height: 22px;"> Moreover, the board was priced at £15,000 making it the most expensive surfboard in the world.</span></span></div>
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<img alt="deck" height="426" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/deck-750x500.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<img alt="escher nose" height="428" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/escher-nose-750x503.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/m-c-escher-board-in-british-museum-of-surfing/#more-621">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Finally, I looked at the graphic design side of the company.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The company logo (shown below) consists of a small tree icon within a circle, the icon makes for a good representative of the company as they are very environmentally aware. However, I think that improvements could be made to make the logo more specific to the company, as on its own it could easily be misconstrued for something else.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/3759307411/4d83deeba16d838314a32e8287c278dd.jpeg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some variations of the logo exclude the circle surrounding the tree and have type placed in various different compositions.</span></div>
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<img alt="DSC_2549" height="423" src="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/DSC_2549-750x496.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://driftwoodsurfboards.co.uk/boardmasters-cornwall-design-fair-and-more/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img height="360" src="http://b.vimeocdn.com/ts/446/158/446158167_640.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://b.vimeocdn.com/ts/446/158/446158167_640.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lastly, I looked at the design and functionality of the Driftwood website. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Firstly, the website directs viewer attention to the various images placed on each page. As the company's success rides on the quality of their product it is very important that they have a set of high quality product images for the audience to see. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Moreover, navigating round the website is relatively easy due to the various tabs and linked images that direct the viewer. </span></div>
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Jordan Harrison-Readerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15016753061394409297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-559541028843278637.post-84648400164803843172013-09-12T02:06:00.000-07:002013-10-02T05:39:44.937-07:00SUMMER BRIEF - RESEARCH TOPIC 1<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Things that interest me</span> - Defining my research subjects.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I started the project by creating spider diagrams to explore my interests for each specification given by the brief. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">From the diagrams I then defined my main points of interest, these would later form my three research topics;</span></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Optical Illusions </b><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">- The idea that the brain can be visually tricked has always been something that interests me. Furthermore, I want to see how optical illusions could be used within design to benefit future projects.</span></li>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>D.I.Y Culture</b> - </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The D.I.Y culture is also something that has recently become something I am very interested in, it shares strong links to my craft driven design practice while also having relevance to skateboarding, printing and many other of my interests.</span></li>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Skateboarding</b> - Skateboarding is something that has always been important to me, it has been a constant throughout most of my life and is something I am very passionate about. Moreover, not only is skateboarding a creatively expressive sport, but thee associated industry also has very stong links to art & design culture.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">RESEARCH TOPIC 1</span> - OPTICAL ILLUSIONS</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://brainden.com/scary-optical-illusions.htm#prettyPhoto[pp_gal]/5/">http://brainden.com/scary-optical-illusions.htm#prettyPhoto[pp_gal]/5/</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I started my research by defining what an optical illusions is;</span></div>
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<li class="sense sense-type-core scrollerBlock" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; font-size: 12px; list-style: none; margin: -2px 0px 0px 15px; overflow: hidden; padding: 1px 6px 1px 1px !important; position: relative;"><div class="senseInnerWrapper" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=559541028843278637" name="illusion__2" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; color: #1a63ab; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></a><span class="definition" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">An instance of a wrong or misinterpreted perception of a sensory experience:</span></span><span class="exampleGroup exGrBreak" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; display: block; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><em class="example" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 0.417em 22px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">stripes embellish the surface to create the illusion of various wood-grain textures</span></em></span></div>
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<li class="subSense scrollerBlock" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; clear: both; list-style: disc; margin: -2px 0px 0px 60px; padding: 1px 6px 1px 1px;"><div class="senseInnerWrapper" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=559541028843278637" name="illusion__3" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; color: #1a63ab; cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </a><span class="definition" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b>a deceptive appearance or impression:</b></span></span><span class="exampleGroup exGrBreak" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><em class="example" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 0.417em; padding: 0px; position: relative;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">the illusion of family togetherness</span></em></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=559541028843278637" name="illusion__4" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; color: #1a63ab; cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </a><span class="definition" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b>a false idea or belief:</b></span></span><span class="exampleGroup exGrBreak" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><em class="example" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 0.417em; padding: 0px; position: relative;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">he had no illusions about the trouble she was in</span></em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">HISTORY</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I researched into the History of Optical Illusions using the book 'The Science of Illusions' by Jacques Ninio. </span><br />
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">An illusions arises when you become aware of a discrepancy.</span> As human beings we see things one way, but know through culture and reasoning that it is not possible.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Illusions have been noticed and reviewed throughout history since the times of the <span style="background-color: yellow;">ancient Greek and Roman Empire.</span></span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpK-9YYTCebdg_OQAH70KmQKrSzZqsMEYqlWl8n_86E2H1f_VDNyWkUbijHwoHkpRgGb3dRcDblPE5UjF4W7hz70qPvsXVmK1XhINd-1elqKtR8K5shftSwn6SPh3hLkdnkO7jwxMJKGdg/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpK-9YYTCebdg_OQAH70KmQKrSzZqsMEYqlWl8n_86E2H1f_VDNyWkUbijHwoHkpRgGb3dRcDblPE5UjF4W7hz70qPvsXVmK1XhINd-1elqKtR8K5shftSwn6SPh3hLkdnkO7jwxMJKGdg/s640/2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Euclid wrote a book called 'Optics' around the year 300BC, in which he formulated laws about the manner of seeing.</span></li>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Euclid's laws;</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For a horizon surface located above the eye level, the parts farthest away lookm lower (the floors rise and the ceilings descend).</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">An arc of a circle placed on the same plane as the eyes ("seen on the edge") looks rectilinear.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As the a sphere, the visible part will be smaller, but look larger.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="text-align: justify;">If a sphere has a diame</span><span style="text-align: justify;">ter less that the distance between the eyes, the viewer will see more of it than a hemisphere. </span></span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Around 1040, Ibn el-Haytham had an important idea that each of the points of a lighted object becomes a source emitting light in all directions. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Furthermore, through a suitable optical system (a mirror) all the rays coming from a point on an object can be focused on one precise point. His ideas were published in the Kitab el-Manazir, The Book of Visions.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There were plenty of mistakes in Ibn el-Haytham's work, but these were cleared up by astronomer Johannes Kepler in 1604.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Kepler aimed to understand the optics of the eye to help him accurately refine astronomical models.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Kepler proposed that the image is formed on the retina and is then inverted in relation to the external world.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">With help from Kepler, Snell and Descartes, light rays and vision became well understood. This lead to further discoveries regarding the formation of rainbows and the bending of a stick in water. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1666 Edme Mariotte discovered and proved that human vision has a blind spot - 'this is the area of the retina from which the optic nerve leaves.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Jaques Rohault devoted much of his 1671 'Treatise on Physics' to the five senses, focusing on the geometrical aspect of vision that allow us to estimate the size and distance of an object.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Rohault was also fascinated by colour perception.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Rohault proposed the idea that people could be born colour blind.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">At the end of the seventeenth century Philippe de La Hire described colour consistency - 'An object appears the same colour in daylight as it does in candle light.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1743 Buffon described coloured shadows.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1669 Isaac Newton proved that white light is a mixture of all coloured light.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">At the end of the eighteenth centuary, Gaspard Monge had chance to observe some mirages, describing them as a stratification of the atmosphere into horizontal layers where the temperature increases closer to the ground.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This had the effect of curving the light rays making things appear to be in other than their actual places.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>WHY DO THEY OCCUR?</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Optical illusions occur as a result of how information is received through the eyes and how that information is interpreted in the brain, this process is otherwise referred to as the visual system. Optical illusions trick the brain creating a false visual impression, proving that seeing is not always believing.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As optical illusions occur this way they have been a point of interest for mathematicians, who use maths to create certain illusions and psychologists who use illusions to help them understand certain workings of the brain.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A more detailed description of how the visual system organizes retinal images can be found in an article written by Donald D. Hoffman.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>IMPORTANT POINTS MADE</b></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The visual system does more than actively transmit images to the brain, it actively takes part in organizing and interpreting them.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The visual system organises and interprets retinal images because most of what we see can be ambiguous, this is due to the fact that what we see is three-dimensional and retina image is two dimensional. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To interpret the three dimensional world the visual system uses sophisticated inference without us being consciously aware.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Therefore, the appearance of depth is inferred by our visual system.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The visual world obeys certain rules and regularities, the visual system learns these to form a reliable understanding of the external world.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A study by Shimon Ullman supporting this uses visual motion perception, in which the visual system perceives the correct three dimensional shape and motion from its moving two-dimensional projection.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ullman attached small LED lights randomly to a beach-balls surface, then, in a dark room let the ball spin. The visual system has the ability to perceive the correct shape and direction of the object simply by assessing the position of the lights.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Similar studies have been done supporting this using lights placed on the joints of a human figure, when shown the still images it is hard to derive meaning. </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">However, when the images are set in motion the visual system immediately recognizes</span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> the human form despite the lack of appropriate information to do so.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Its the laws and regularities found in the visual world that are key to the visual systems accurate deciphering of retinal image.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The face goblet illusion works by utilizing the brains ability to recognize figure. The illusion uses two faces to create the shape of a goblet, both the faces and goblet are recognizable figures which causes the brain to initially see one or the other. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This allows the brain to interpret multiple figures without the reversal or rotation of the image.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Vision is an active process, the function of which is to infer an accurate description of an object from changing patterns of light falling onto the retinas. </span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">PERCEPTION</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">How information is perceived depends also on learned perceptions. For example, people who have spent their lives in a dense forest have difficulty judging distance and size in large open areas like the prairies. They do not realize that objects that are large may appear small because they are far away. Although their vision is sharp, their perception of the world is inaccurate. What they have learned about interpreting the information provided by their senses is incomplete. People's perceptions can be fooled when seeing something that lies outside their previous experience.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When looking at optical illusions, the eyes are recording an image that the brain misinterprets. The brain likes to group things into patterns of familiar forms. It is always comparing things with its experience and knowledge of the world. For example, the brain knows that a bicycle wheel is circular. So even though the wheel may not look circular from a particular angle or perspective, the brain interprets the wheel as circular.</span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FAMOUS ILLUSIONS </b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After gaining an understanding of how and why visual illusions occur I started researching into well know optical illusions. I saw examples of these popping up everywhere while collecting my initial research into the history of visual illusions, so thought it an important point to cover.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">THE HERMANN GRID ILLUSION</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the Hermann Grid Illusion, the white dots at the center of each square seem to shift from white to gray.</span></span></div>
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<img alt="Hermann Grid Illusion" src="http://0.tqn.com/d/psychology/1/7/b/5/grid-illusions.jpg" /></div>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">The Hermann grid was first discovered by a physiologist named Ludimar Hermann in 1870. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">When the viewer looks at the grid, the white dots and the center of each 'corridor' seem to shift between white and gray. When the viewer focused his or her attention on a specific dot, it is obvious that it is white. But as soon as attention is shifted away, the dot shifts to a gray color.</span></li>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">ZOLLNER ILLUSION</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">In the Zollner illusion the brain is tricked into thinking parallel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"> lines are not parallel and will diverge.</span></div>
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<img alt="Zollner Illusion" src="http://0.tqn.com/d/psychology/1/7/a/5/zolner-illusion.jpg" /></div>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">The Zöllner illusion is another famous optical illusion. First discovered in 1860 by a German astrophysicist named Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"> The illusion presents a series of oblique lines crossed with overlapping short lines. The oblique lines look as if they are crooked and will diverge. In reality, all of the oblique lines are parallel, its easier to see this from a distance.</span></li>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">THE PONZO ILLUSION</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">In the Ponzo Illusion the brain is confused into thinking that one line is longer than the other.</span></span></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Ponzo Illusion was discovered by <span style="background-color: white; line-height: 16px;">Italian psychologist Mario Ponzo in 1911.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 16px;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">The two yellow lines are the exact same size, but because they are placed over parallel lines that seem to converge in the distance, the top yellow line appears to be longer than the bottom one.</span></span></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">THE KANIZSA TRIANGLE ILLUSION</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">In the Kanizsa triangle illusion the brain perceives a triangle that is not really there.</span></span></div>
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<img alt="Kanizsa Triangle" height="400" src="http://0.tqn.com/d/psychology/1/7/D/A/Kanizsa-triangle.jpg" width="375" /></div>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Kanizsa Triangle illusion was first described in 1955 by an Italian psychologist named Gaetano Kanizsa.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the illusion, a white equilateral triangle can be seen in the image even though there is not actually a triangle there. The effect is caused by illusory or subject contours.</span></span></li>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">THE RUBIN GOBLET ILLUSION </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the Rubin goblet illusion the brain can will initially perceive a drinking goblet or two faces.</span></div>
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<li><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 16px;">First discovered by Edgar Rubin in 1915.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 16px;">In this illusion we can see both a black goblet and two symmetrical white faces, the effect is created using negative space.</span></span></span></li>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="line-height: 16px;"><a href="http://psychology.about.com/od/sensationandperception/ig/Optical-Illusions/Kanizsa-Triangle-Illusion.htm">Information Link</a></span></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">VISUAL ILLUSIONS CONTINUED - ROTATING HEADS</b></h3>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I continued my research into optical illusions by researching into some varying types of illusion. The first is one that everyone can relate to, the rotating head illusion. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This form of illusion cleverly adapts the features and aspects of a human head and face to create an image similar to the one shown below. When the image is looked at one way, a face is clearly distinguishable. However, if the image is then flipped, a completely different face can be seen.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The illustrations below are some of the most well know rotating head illustrations,</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> designed for advertising purposes in the 1930′s by British artist Rex Whistler. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> He got the idea from some </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">seventeenth century engravings</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">, which had first appeared in 1671 in a book by polemicist Pierre Berault.</span></div>
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<img alt="Rex Whistler heads from AHA!" height="498" src="http://www.opticalillusion.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/RWaha-771x600.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Rex Whistler's inspiration was taken from these seventeenth century engravings. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpq62Dn6TSR8j0P6F-L1I5n9xQn0c87zopH7SBQw4YeoPiCX8fWa9Yjrt59VKLlF5dNJjb7iVT8F_PlYKywtQJpTkBNO_Kog-UKxf1c9NwEwD6qnBFfYdFkpyRfV_LRpQxteTNFSE6mUFm/s1600/1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpq62Dn6TSR8j0P6F-L1I5n9xQn0c87zopH7SBQw4YeoPiCX8fWa9Yjrt59VKLlF5dNJjb7iVT8F_PlYKywtQJpTkBNO_Kog-UKxf1c9NwEwD6qnBFfYdFkpyRfV_LRpQxteTNFSE6mUFm/s400/1.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.opticalillusion.net/" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Link</a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Another of Whistler's illustrations</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.eyetricks.com/6402.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<img src="http://www.moillusions.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/05/twofacesillusion.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.moillusions.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/05/twofacesillusion.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2pKYn5KtS4eo6e73sI2B11t7spubiu7ViZnx3MkQ_GrqeqvZqeQ62L8R5EK1kzTM6Cvs-L1G15d5HXB0r6Svn0cdPPSFGGtu61vfG0tzHjajPIXcubXeffTOtc-M9KxzHWDt6FlWa8Vo9/s400/Upside+Down+Optical+Illusion.jpg">Link</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://media.log-in.ru/i/rzhevsky.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I think that this technique could be adapted to create some really interesting prints. The fact that the portrait can be rotated to create a new image means that the audience have to physically interact with the piece to create something new. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>HYBRID PORTRAITS</b></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hybrid portraits superimpose one portrait on top of another, so that one appears with close viewing, and the other emerges with more distant viewing or with reduced image size.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">The technique was invented by Aude Oliva, Antonio Torralba and Philippe G. Schyns, and </span><a href="http://cvcl.mit.edu/hybrid/OlivaTorralb_Hybrid_Siggraph06.pdf" style="background-color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" title="hybrid images presented at Siggraph 2006">presented in 2006</a><span style="background-color: white;"> at the huge annual Siggraph (electronic graphics) conference.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the below image this technique is used to turn Charlie Chaplin into Queen Victoria.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.opticalillusion.net/category/ambiguous-images/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Another good example of a hybrid portrait can be seen below, the image shows Dr. Angry and Mr. Calm. The faces show opposite expressions, however if you move away from the screen the faces swap expressions. </span></div>
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<img height="193" src="http://www.grand-illusions.com/acatalog/drangrymrcalm.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.grand-illusions.com/opticalillusions/angry_and_calm/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A similar illusion can also seen below, where a jaguar becomes an elephant. However, I don't believe this works as effectively as the visual difference between the two chosen subjects is not as strong.</span><br />
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<img height="272" src="http://www.moillusions.com/wp-content/uploads/i207.photobucket.com/albums/bb234/vurdlak8/illusions/leopard-elephant-hybrid-illusion.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I believe that this type of illusion could easily be adapted and used in the world of design. Viewers could be tricked into seeing one image from a distance, and then realise the true meaning of the design only when up close to the image.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>AMBIGUOUS IMAGES </b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Information taken from; The Eye Beguiled - Optical Illusions by Bruno Ernst </span><br />
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When an image hits the retina two categories can be distinguished,<span style="background-color: yellow;"> image information, based on pictographic elements </span>which reproduce the objects present and <span style="background-color: yellow;">spatial information composed of stereographic elements</span> which reproduce the spatial relationship between objects. </span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The eye processes both the pictographic and stereographic elements into one meaningful interpretation.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ambiguous images play on this process by creating an image which can be interpreted in multiple ways.</span></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd9snvkmWElBbS-JaBdIQ7g2E7_QGyyGZ6vkosQgIwPNmvBT4Yb8HdqXiePixjXeFyuZD7JlzElcpfg8wjdPz_F1x8VrGIEFCOjKClucqZhC_JDe3D_SR7EGLi3BD9LmsLaHe_69AiiehE/s1600/img174.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd9snvkmWElBbS-JaBdIQ7g2E7_QGyyGZ6vkosQgIwPNmvBT4Yb8HdqXiePixjXeFyuZD7JlzElcpfg8wjdPz_F1x8VrGIEFCOjKClucqZhC_JDe3D_SR7EGLi3BD9LmsLaHe_69AiiehE/s640/img174.jpg" width="464" /></a></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We become aware of an ambiguity because we first see on interpretation and then notice the other. </span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A good example of a pictographic ambiguity can be found within the famous illusion<span style="background-color: yellow;"> 'My wife and my mother-in-law'</span> published by cartoonist W.E Hill.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some ambiguous figures rely on the angle that the illusion is first seen from.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The images on our retina are two-dimensional. An important job of the eye is to reconstruct three-dimensional reality from these </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">two-dimensional images.</span></span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This helps us calculate the spatial relationships between objects and ourselves.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Stereographic ambiguity plays on our perception and knowledge of objects and our environment.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.fallacyfiles.org/Ambiguous.gif">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/gifs/ambigfig/ambigfig2.gif">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/gifs/ambigfig/ambigfig1.gif">Link</a></span></div>
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<img alt="A Pierrots Love" src="http://www.planetperplex.com/img/amour_de_pierrot.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.planetperplex.com/en/item/a-pierrots-love/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img alt="A pig one" src="http://www.planetperplex.com/img/a_pig_one.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.planetperplex.com/en/item/a-pig-one/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img alt="Rabbit and Duck Created by Joseph Jastrow" height="222" src="http://www.planetperplex.com/img/jastrow_rabbit_duck.gif" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.planetperplex.com/en/item/rabbit-and-duck/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img alt="Zoo Face" src="http://www.planetperplex.com/img/animals_face.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.planetperplex.com/en/item/zoo-face/">Link</a></span></div>
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<img alt="Spirit of the Woods Created by Sandro Del-Prete" src="http://www.planetperplex.com/img/delprete_berggeist.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.planetperplex.com/en/item/spirit-of-the-woods/">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">IMPOSSIBLE SHAPES </b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I continued my research into visual illusions by looking at impossible shapes such as the triangle illusion seen below.</span><br />
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<img alt="impossible triangle" src="http://www.blifaloo.com/illusions/ilimg/imptriangle.gif" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blifaloo.com/illusions/impossible.php">http://www.blifaloo.com/illusions/impossible.php</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After further research into the impossible triangle I discovered that it, among a majority of other impossible shapes were created by an artist called <span style="background-color: yellow;">Oscar </span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="line-height: 22px;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">Reutersvärd</span><span style="background-color: white;">. Later, in the year 1954 the triangle was redrawn as we know it today by a</span></span></span><span style="background-color: white;"> physicist</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="line-height: 22px;"><span style="background-color: white;"> named </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">Roger Penrose.</span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;"><a href="http://psylux.psych.tu-dresden.de/i1/kaw/diverses%20Material/www.illusionworks.com/html/impossible_triangle.html">Information Link</a></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blockprojekt.de/wp-content/uploads/A-father-to-impossible-figures-reutersv_1_o1.jpg">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Oscar Reutersvärd</span></b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://im-possible.info/images/art/reutersvard/reutersvard_photo.jpg">Link</a></span></span></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Born in Stockholm in 1915, professor of Art History and Theory at Lund University, Sweden, founder in 1950 and fellow of the International Association of Art Critics IAAC, fellow of the American Association for Aesthetics and of the Societé de l'Art Francais.</span></span></li>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He is a regular contributor to the American Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, Gazettes des Beaux-Arts and D'ars and has published numerous papers and articles on the utopists of architecture and paintings from the time of the French Revolution and on the abstract sculpture and painting movements of the twentieth century.</span></span></li>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">He is a person of myriad interests and talents and is </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">best known for having designed the first and, since then, the largest quantity of impossible figures and simular visual illusions.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The fact that </span><span style="background-color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 22px;"> Reutersvärd alone designed almost 2500 impossible figures is very impressive, and in my eyes makes him the king of impossible shapes. Below are some examples of the figures he created. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=t5IgWas4rJwC&pg=PA261&lpg=PA261&dq=impossible+shapes+by+oscar+reutersvard&source=bl&ots=_enr3NHUgf&sig=0OeYGgMGp2o-1sipMkOeHpHEibs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3Uc3UqWzB8ap7QaX3ICICw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q&f=false">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Below are some modern adaptations of impossible shapes. </span></div>
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<img alt="Certain kids will love to tackle drawing and painting impossible shapes like this one." height="640" src="http://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/3e/68/0d/3e680dff9f04da68a761be1eb9dea22e.jpg" width="552" /></div>
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<a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/361836151282363889/"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">http://www.pinterest.com/pin/361836151282363889/</span></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.pixeljoint.com/files/icons/full/impossible_shapes.gif"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">http://www.pixeljoint.com/files/icons/full/impossible_shapes.gif</span></a></div>
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<img height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkAf_6i950sOhXefOv9yfWdT45Xg98jRUVE0wLhqLGaKi5NW_nxk7giQlwwtdxj7ZIdiV_sFDF5v-37FWrVN4CptCF1Fa_ht0FlpQROwealtRbO_R_FZrP2cR-q2bLbfgQQaC-jPgs8Nt3/s640/impossible_shape.jpg" width="480" /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkAf_6i950sOhXefOv9yfWdT45Xg98jRUVE0wLhqLGaKi5NW_nxk7giQlwwtdxj7ZIdiV_sFDF5v-37FWrVN4CptCF1Fa_ht0FlpQROwealtRbO_R_FZrP2cR-q2bLbfgQQaC-jPgs8Nt3/s1600/impossible_shape.jpg"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkAf_6i950sOhXefOv9yfWdT45Xg98jRUVE0wLhqLGaKi5NW_nxk7giQlwwtdxj7ZIdiV_sFDF5v-37FWrVN4CptCF1Fa_ht0FlpQROwealtRbO_R_FZrP2cR-q2bLbfgQQaC-jPgs8Nt3/s1600/impossible_shape.jpg</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.davidsanden.com/25340/785488/work/impossible-figures">http://www.davidsanden.com/25340/785488/work/impossible-figures</a></span></div>
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<img alt="Impossible Shape" src="http://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/736x/d9/25/a0/d925a0735a5af1effaa70582c9c0b94e.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/85779567875267067/">http://www.pinterest.com/pin/85779567875267067/</a></span></div>
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<img alt="@illusionalPics: An impossible shape!" height="480" src="http://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/736x/90/a9/e3/90a9e39e356b7c80221e89b0718875c5.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.pinterest.com/pin/375980268862008307/">http://www.pinterest.com/pin/375980268862008307/</a></span></div>
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<img alt="Impossible Shapes" src="http://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/b1/ad/0b/b1ad0bbba54be1118ac4a1333d5cb487.jpg" /></div>
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<a href="http://t-prattfmp.blogspot.co.uk/2010/05/impossible-shapes-1.html"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">http://t-prattfmp.blogspot.co.uk/2010/05/impossible-shapes-1.html</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>TESSELLATION</b></span><b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </b><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After looking at various works by Oscar </span><span style="background-color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 22px;">Reutersvärd I came across some intricate tessellation pieces. I noticed that the tessellation techniques was used in a few different illusions so decided to pursue the lead further.</span></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMlKt7YS2MnluNbMPOBqoimrCBD7kU0OXGsijNfb734cBzk-I96xF2aBeu1hyphenhyphenfpe3EA6EpLeWB4lOA8eV8iPZ-pPtFkRlw_ntF1XTkDc3K2RaOS2JQaZxM-OoUT09kiWNPXYGRb0DZRqQV/s1600/Screen+Shot+2013-09-19+at+16.04.38.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMlKt7YS2MnluNbMPOBqoimrCBD7kU0OXGsijNfb734cBzk-I96xF2aBeu1hyphenhyphenfpe3EA6EpLeWB4lOA8eV8iPZ-pPtFkRlw_ntF1XTkDc3K2RaOS2JQaZxM-OoUT09kiWNPXYGRb0DZRqQV/s320/Screen+Shot+2013-09-19+at+16.04.38.png" width="316" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 22px;">It did not take me long to come across the amazing work of Dutch artist M.C Escher. Regarded as the father of modern tessellation I started researching into his life works. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>M.C ESCHER</b></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNvu0F43-rXqutuQcYogYRUi6uxbyh9QwyUjTDZaXsMx1qTZjU2GZkUWyUhFvzkUvRhjMHC7xv2THnH9FSC7k39bCaekjop9iTElohg53wyjSKy-MBR2Om2VaW5hymoSwKxYSDazv3KQfV/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="446" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNvu0F43-rXqutuQcYogYRUi6uxbyh9QwyUjTDZaXsMx1qTZjU2GZkUWyUhFvzkUvRhjMHC7xv2THnH9FSC7k39bCaekjop9iTElohg53wyjSKy-MBR2Om2VaW5hymoSwKxYSDazv3KQfV/s640/1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Maurits C. Escher is a Dutch artist born in 1898.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One of the worlds most famous graphic artist, r<span style="background-color: yellow;">egarded as the father of modern tessellation.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: yellow;">Best known for his tessellation work, impossible structures, and transformation prints</span>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">His genius lay in his ability to explore <span style="background-color: yellow;">mathematical ideas in art</span>.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I also watched this informative documentary about Escher's life and works. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">METAMORPHOSIS</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When Escher moved away from Italy to Switzerland in 1933 his work began to move away from his initial point of focus of landscapes to graphic works and tilings. The idea of Metamorphosis became one of Escher's favorite themes, experimenting with turning one thing into something else.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some examples of Escher's Metamorphosis experiments, all the examples have been taken from the book 'M.C Escher by Taschen' </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSP04CaVy0OMMQ1BSNQY06Y9St3hZwlFf-FkzlXUBQDGu8Ux9g2Bc2c2iyUghkSQVckKViEbCsgCOh93L-YjXyWwuIWFY9TyXiuu_XhTrYRWCCqG6vERKoHa7s1KcP91rI5DcSVCrthgsC/s1600/img321.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="452" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSP04CaVy0OMMQ1BSNQY06Y9St3hZwlFf-FkzlXUBQDGu8Ux9g2Bc2c2iyUghkSQVckKViEbCsgCOh93L-YjXyWwuIWFY9TyXiuu_XhTrYRWCCqG6vERKoHa7s1KcP91rI5DcSVCrthgsC/s640/img321.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The four images below show one of Escher's longest metamorphosis prints. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiidGfZFXslJh03QDy0onPST_Rs_zAsBcyUTfqHEgecFv88CzjHwzvddb6q_mNuQjL58NoNzmsv-PGwME7irXxJoSXs0jy95NXHKrO4hGSsK-6Kqxe938VqL37IigkP-a_s5_6ZVQjCgPbN/s1600/img331.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiidGfZFXslJh03QDy0onPST_Rs_zAsBcyUTfqHEgecFv88CzjHwzvddb6q_mNuQjL58NoNzmsv-PGwME7irXxJoSXs0jy95NXHKrO4hGSsK-6Kqxe938VqL37IigkP-a_s5_6ZVQjCgPbN/s640/img331.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKbboK_j5XqqmtsAgobt9h5aOL6fPFTwPlK-R5DA9Ca-hC_x0xhm_z3e6OMR_N2nxKYSLwC4X_E0zs5a6e1ogYdXnXtH0_4fHoNEFwGweMJPsVSKYJVXf1kIc987zkOnPQmU_5UHVVBBxO/s1600/img333.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="452" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKbboK_j5XqqmtsAgobt9h5aOL6fPFTwPlK-R5DA9Ca-hC_x0xhm_z3e6OMR_N2nxKYSLwC4X_E0zs5a6e1ogYdXnXtH0_4fHoNEFwGweMJPsVSKYJVXf1kIc987zkOnPQmU_5UHVVBBxO/s640/img333.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TESSELLATION</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After studying elaborate tile work found in the <span style="background-color: yellow;">Alhambra fortress</span> in Spain Escher became fascinated with symmetry and tessellation. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Alhambra fortress, Spain</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the late 1930's Escher started to experiment with tessellation, throughout his career Escher numbered all of his tessellations and by his death he had <span style="background-color: yellow;">produced 137</span>. Below are some of my favorite examples of his tessellation work. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisa2afuhv-Av9KiangIxQ-myJuAajMo0yGjT5i2xLTtOO8K2I_NQNl5d8eGvZ4T63G-eNKy3W9d5zWIaXV336C2PU17YnIiui4RSDOZdyLClds6OiP0b2Yr3dqIFMP8r1MbQYPiqEpbThg/s1600/img326.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisa2afuhv-Av9KiangIxQ-myJuAajMo0yGjT5i2xLTtOO8K2I_NQNl5d8eGvZ4T63G-eNKy3W9d5zWIaXV336C2PU17YnIiui4RSDOZdyLClds6OiP0b2Yr3dqIFMP8r1MbQYPiqEpbThg/s640/img326.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">OPTICAL ILLUSIONS </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Around 1959 Escher was given the opportunity to lecture on symmetry to an international group of crystallographers, this brought him and his work closer to mathematics than ever before. Moreover, Escher kept in touch with a handful of scientists who sent him ideas to explore. From this Escher was inspired to create his famous 'Ascending and Descending' stairway.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: bold;">OPTICAL ILLUSIONS IN PHOTOGRAPHY</span></h3>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 23.03125px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To push my research I started looking at other areas in which optical illusions can be created. I noticed a lot of work had been produced through the lens of a camera so decided to investigate this further. </span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 23.03125px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 23.03125px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>BERNARD PRAS</b></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 23.03125px; text-align: justify;">Bernard Pras is a French photographer and installation artist specializing in the creation of large portrait images. Pras creates these images using found objects such as wood and unused clothing, intricately arranging the objects so they form his subject. The image can only be seen from the angle of the photographer as the objects are arranged to its angle of perspective.</span><br />
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<img src="http://blog.the-dot.co.uk/images/bp/anamorphic-portrait-bernard-pras-1.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://blog.the-dot.co.uk/design/massive-optical-illusion-made-of-recycled-objects/">Link</a></span><br />
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<img alt="bernard-pras-2" height="640" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-OLaJC7_X1Ak/UXDaqKvIZHI/AAAAAAAAndw/XAvEzUhIHxg/bernard-pras-2%25255B3%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" width="640" /><br />
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<img alt="bernard-pras-3" height="640" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-LzSoUsiEKvQ/UXDas-zrsVI/AAAAAAAAnd4/0ITO6opIHSY/bernard-pras-3%25255B3%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" width="640" /><br />
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<img alt="bernard-pras-11" height="483" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-a9ZUN-G0WWM/UXDbKIEL6cI/AAAAAAAAnew/xW-eVvSDHgo/bernard-pras-11%25255B4%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" width="640" /><br />
<a href="http://www.amusingplanet.com/2013/04/anamorphic-portrait-by-bernard-pras.html" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Link</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">An interesting video showing the creation process of one of Pras's pieces can be seen below.</span><br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/tSaIUZPUIDg?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are some more examples of visual illusions created within the lens of a camera.</span><br />
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<img src="http://blog.the-dot.co.uk/images/bp/optical-illusions-part-2-29.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://delacorr.deviantart.com/art/God-s-Canvas-23077281">Link</a></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">OPTICAL ILLUSIONS IN GRAPHIC DESIGN</b></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Finally, I started looking at the different ways visual illusions are used within the graphic design industry. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Above is the logo for palace skateboards, a London based skate company. Their logo adapts Oscar Reutersvärd's impossible triangle to create an instantly recognizeable, clean logo. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.palaceskateboards.com/">Link</a></span><br />
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<img height="400" src="http://e.fastcompany.net/multisite_files/codesign/imagecache/inline-large/inline/2013/02/1671747-inline-inline-1-68-bvfbehancemacula013.jpg" width="400" /><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://e.fastcompany.net/multisite_files/codesign/imagecache/inline-large/inline/2013/02/1671747-inline-inline-1-68-bvfbehancemacula013.jpg">Link</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>SIMON C. PAGE</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Simon Page is a self taught graphic designer and illustrator from England. His two posters (shown below) cleverly use negative space to create a reversible poster showing both a hero and villain. </span><br />
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<img alt="villians_03" src="http://illusion.scene360.com/wp-content/themes/sahara-10/submissions/villians_03.gif" /></div>
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<img alt="villians_04" src="http://illusion.scene360.com/wp-content/themes/sahara-10/submissions/villians_04.gif" /></div>
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<img alt="villians_01" src="http://illusion.scene360.com/wp-content/themes/sahara-10/submissions/villians_01.gif" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://illusion.scene360.com/design/11714/hero-and-villain-optical-illusions/">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>ARTIST - TANG YAU HOONG</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Tang Yao Hoong is an Illustrator who creates various visual illusions using techniques such as negative space. </span></div>
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<img src="http://behance.vo.llnwd.net/profiles/77742/projects/1316541/1427ffc6259e4e3cea729ef998ee83cf.jpg" /><br />
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<img src="http://behance.vo.llnwd.net/profiles/77742/projects/1316541/f4d886f820d350ca91ce520f099e8cde.gif" /><br />
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<img src="http://behance.vo.llnwd.net/profiles/77742/projects/1316541/3182ef7d19886808922d809395ad8e81.jpg" /><br />
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<img src="http://behance.vo.llnwd.net/profiles/77742/projects/1316541/833f7c90a1fe3f46d6c1e5d53273a9cc.jpg" /><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Tang Yao Hoong</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.behance.net/gallery/The-Art-of-Negative-Space/1316541">Link</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Lowe-ssp3</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Design agency Lowe-ssp3 created a set of three poster designs for Colsubsidio's </span><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 30px;">"Book Exchange" program. The posters ingeniously use optical illusions to cleverly communicate the projects slogan of 'Come with a story, leave with another'. </span></span><br />
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<img alt="Poster for Colsubsidio (1)" height="400" src="http://illusion.scene360.com/wp-content/themes/sahara-10/submissions/2012/04/colsubsidio_02.jpg" width="280" /></div>
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<img alt="Poster for Colsubsidio (4)" height="400" src="http://illusion.scene360.com/wp-content/themes/sahara-10/submissions/2012/04/colsubsidio_03.jpg" width="280" /></div>
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<img alt="Poster for Colsubsidio (2)" height="400" src="http://illusion.scene360.com/wp-content/themes/sahara-10/submissions/2012/04/colsubsidio_01.jpg" width="280" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://illusion.scene360.com/design/28360/snow-white-and-who-else/">Link</a></span></div>
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Jordan Harrison-Readerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15016753061394409297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-559541028843278637.post-53351058959601876972013-09-11T04:29:00.002-07:002013-10-02T05:39:52.479-07:00TO DO LIST<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Over the coming year on the course I want to develop my
professional practice to a higher standard, I will do this by; </span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Improving my Illustration skills by drawing regularly in my free
time.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Developing my time management by starting projects immediately
and staying organised throughout the duration of a project. I aim to do this by
keeping time management sheets to help maintain a structured work ethic.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Increasing my knowledge of Adobe software such as Photoshop
and Illustrator by following online tutorials and attending all workshops.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Learning new techniques such as emboss and deboss as these
are relevant to my craft driven approach to design, and could help improve the quality
of my work.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Learning to use the laser cutter, this is something I have
always been interested in but unfortunately never used.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Improving my confidence and composure when presenting to the
class. However, these skills will only progress with practice.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Developing my essay writing, I can improve this by devoting
more time to planning and structuring my writing.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Networking and promoting myself online through using
websites such as ‘Behance’ and ‘Cargo’.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Expand and develop my research by looking at a variety of
sources to help improve my ideas generation and understanding of the subject.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Going to more exhibitions, talks and lectures outside of
university and start becoming more directly involved in the creative industry.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Think outside of the box.</span></li>
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Jordan Harrison-Readerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15016753061394409297noreply@blogger.com0